E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a common cancer of head and neck region with poor prognosis and may sometimes show a premalignant stage. Cell-cell adhesion molecules play an important role in the process of malignant transformation. E-cadherin, a cell-to-cell adhesion molecule, plays a c...

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Main Authors: Dhanusree Kani, Vindhya Savithri, Rakesh Suresh, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Mahija Janardhanan, Thara Aravind
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212426825000569
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author Dhanusree Kani
Vindhya Savithri
Rakesh Suresh
Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam
Mahija Janardhanan
Thara Aravind
author_facet Dhanusree Kani
Vindhya Savithri
Rakesh Suresh
Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam
Mahija Janardhanan
Thara Aravind
author_sort Dhanusree Kani
collection DOAJ
description Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a common cancer of head and neck region with poor prognosis and may sometimes show a premalignant stage. Cell-cell adhesion molecules play an important role in the process of malignant transformation. E-cadherin, a cell-to-cell adhesion molecule, plays a crucial role in maintaining cell polarity and adhesion of epithelial cells. Aims: To assess the expression of E-cadherin in various grades of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cells carcinoma and compare it to unremarkable oral mucosa. Materials and methods: The study comprised a total sample size of 80 with 10 cases of unremarkable oral mucosa which is the control group, 40 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia and 30 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. One section was stained with haematoxylin and eosin to confirm the histopathological diagnosis and other section was stained immunohistochemically with E-cadherin. Results: The study found that E-cadherin expression was strongly positive in unremarkable mucosal epithelium, reduced in oral epithelial dysplasia, and gradually decreased as it progressed to oral squamous cell carcinoma. These findings were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The study found a correlation between E-cadherin expression loss and oral squamous cell carcinoma progression, suggesting that E-cadherin can serve as a diagnostic biomarker for malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia and predict disease prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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issn 2212-4268
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
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series Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
spelling doaj-art-1fde3e19e4b2432a87d7dd777c1ba2e22025-08-20T01:49:23ZengElsevierJournal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research2212-42682025-05-0115350851410.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.015E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinomaDhanusree Kani0Vindhya Savithri1Rakesh Suresh2Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam3Mahija Janardhanan4Thara Aravind5Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, IndiaDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India; Corresponding author. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, IndiaDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, IndiaDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, IndiaBackground: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a common cancer of head and neck region with poor prognosis and may sometimes show a premalignant stage. Cell-cell adhesion molecules play an important role in the process of malignant transformation. E-cadherin, a cell-to-cell adhesion molecule, plays a crucial role in maintaining cell polarity and adhesion of epithelial cells. Aims: To assess the expression of E-cadherin in various grades of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cells carcinoma and compare it to unremarkable oral mucosa. Materials and methods: The study comprised a total sample size of 80 with 10 cases of unremarkable oral mucosa which is the control group, 40 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia and 30 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. One section was stained with haematoxylin and eosin to confirm the histopathological diagnosis and other section was stained immunohistochemically with E-cadherin. Results: The study found that E-cadherin expression was strongly positive in unremarkable mucosal epithelium, reduced in oral epithelial dysplasia, and gradually decreased as it progressed to oral squamous cell carcinoma. These findings were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The study found a correlation between E-cadherin expression loss and oral squamous cell carcinoma progression, suggesting that E-cadherin can serve as a diagnostic biomarker for malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia and predict disease prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212426825000569E-cadherinEpithelial mesenchymal interactionCell-cell adhesionOral epithelial dysplasiaOral squamous cell carcinoma
spellingShingle Dhanusree Kani
Vindhya Savithri
Rakesh Suresh
Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam
Mahija Janardhanan
Thara Aravind
E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma
Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
E-cadherin
Epithelial mesenchymal interaction
Cell-cell adhesion
Oral epithelial dysplasia
Oral squamous cell carcinoma
title E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma
title_full E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma
title_fullStr E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma
title_short E-Cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma
title_sort e cadherin is a diagnostic biomarker in the progression of oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma
topic E-cadherin
Epithelial mesenchymal interaction
Cell-cell adhesion
Oral epithelial dysplasia
Oral squamous cell carcinoma
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212426825000569
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AT rakeshsuresh ecadherinisadiagnosticbiomarkerintheprogressionoforalepithelialdysplasiatosquamouscellcarcinoma
AT ramanarayananvenkitachalam ecadherinisadiagnosticbiomarkerintheprogressionoforalepithelialdysplasiatosquamouscellcarcinoma
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