Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF Systems
This paper presents lumped reactive capacitors and inductors to create a compact filtering hybrid ring coupler (HRC) with a broad suppression band. The traditional 180-degree ring coupler has six long <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10835077/ |
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| author | Saeed Roshani Farid Zubir Mohsen Karimi Muhammad Akmal Chaudhary Maher Assaad Fawwaz Hazzazi Noorlindawaty Md Jizat Sobhan Roshani |
| author_facet | Saeed Roshani Farid Zubir Mohsen Karimi Muhammad Akmal Chaudhary Maher Assaad Fawwaz Hazzazi Noorlindawaty Md Jizat Sobhan Roshani |
| author_sort | Saeed Roshani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents lumped reactive capacitors and inductors to create a compact filtering hybrid ring coupler (HRC) with a broad suppression band. The traditional 180-degree ring coupler has six long <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 branches. In the proposed coupler, six compact proposed branches are applied instead of these six long <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 branches, resulting in size reduction and harmonic suppression. The designed HRC works at 800 MHz and provide 220 MHz operating bandwidth from 690 MHz from 910MHz, which is equal to 27.5% FBW. The designed HRC has acceptable performance in operating frequency and higher frequencies. The designed 180-degree ring hybrid coupler (HRC) achieves a broad stop-band ranging from 1.7 GHz to 5 GHz, effectively rejecting <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2^{\mathrm {nd}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6^{\mathrm {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> harmonic. The proposed HRC is designed, simulated and fabricated, which the measured results validate the simulations. In the pass band, the proposed hybrid coupler exhibits less than 0.2 dB insertion loss, over 26 dB return loss, and 49 dB isolation measured at 800 MHz. Moreover, the conventional 800 MHz HRC occupied <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5~\lambda \times 0.25~\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (140.7 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times 70.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm), while size of the proposed HRC is 10.7 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times 6.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.038~\lambda \times 0.024~\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>), which provides 99% size reduction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1ed93ea21488416ab3914131865abe0c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| spelling | doaj-art-1ed93ea21488416ab3914131865abe0c2025-01-21T00:01:24ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-01138214822410.1109/ACCESS.2025.352774310835077Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF SystemsSaeed Roshani0Farid Zubir1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-166XMohsen Karimi2Muhammad Akmal Chaudhary3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-3377Maher Assaad4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1584-8747Fawwaz Hazzazi5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-673XNoorlindawaty Md Jizat6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7618-2283Sobhan Roshani7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-2755Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch, Kermanshah, IranWireless Communication Centre, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysi, Johor Bahrua, Johor, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch, Kermanshah, IranDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch, Kermanshah, IranThis paper presents lumped reactive capacitors and inductors to create a compact filtering hybrid ring coupler (HRC) with a broad suppression band. The traditional 180-degree ring coupler has six long <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 branches. In the proposed coupler, six compact proposed branches are applied instead of these six long <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 branches, resulting in size reduction and harmonic suppression. The designed HRC works at 800 MHz and provide 220 MHz operating bandwidth from 690 MHz from 910MHz, which is equal to 27.5% FBW. The designed HRC has acceptable performance in operating frequency and higher frequencies. The designed 180-degree ring hybrid coupler (HRC) achieves a broad stop-band ranging from 1.7 GHz to 5 GHz, effectively rejecting <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2^{\mathrm {nd}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6^{\mathrm {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> harmonic. The proposed HRC is designed, simulated and fabricated, which the measured results validate the simulations. In the pass band, the proposed hybrid coupler exhibits less than 0.2 dB insertion loss, over 26 dB return loss, and 49 dB isolation measured at 800 MHz. Moreover, the conventional 800 MHz HRC occupied <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5~\lambda \times 0.25~\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (140.7 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times 70.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm), while size of the proposed HRC is 10.7 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times 6.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.038~\lambda \times 0.024~\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>), which provides 99% size reduction.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10835077/Hybrid ring couplercomposite linesize reductionlumped reactive componentmicrowave device |
| spellingShingle | Saeed Roshani Farid Zubir Mohsen Karimi Muhammad Akmal Chaudhary Maher Assaad Fawwaz Hazzazi Noorlindawaty Md Jizat Sobhan Roshani Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF Systems IEEE Access Hybrid ring coupler composite line size reduction lumped reactive component microwave device |
| title | Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF Systems |
| title_full | Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF Systems |
| title_fullStr | Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF Systems |
| title_short | Design of an Ultra Compact 180-Degree Ring Coupler With Harmonic Suppression Using Composite Lines for Modern RF Systems |
| title_sort | design of an ultra compact 180 degree ring coupler with harmonic suppression using composite lines for modern rf systems |
| topic | Hybrid ring coupler composite line size reduction lumped reactive component microwave device |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10835077/ |
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