Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis Activity
Patterns of disease and therapeutic responses vary widely among patients with autoimmune glomerulonephritis. This study introduces groundbreaking personalized infrared (IR)-based diagnostics for real-time monitoring of disease status and treatment responses in lupus nephritis (LN). We have establish...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Mei-Ching Yu Xiang-Di Huang Chin-Wei Kuo Kai-Fu Zhang Ping-Chung Liang U-Ser Jeng Pei-Yu Huang Frederick Wai Keung Tam Yao-Chang Lee |
| author_facet | Mei-Ching Yu Xiang-Di Huang Chin-Wei Kuo Kai-Fu Zhang Ping-Chung Liang U-Ser Jeng Pei-Yu Huang Frederick Wai Keung Tam Yao-Chang Lee |
| author_sort | Mei-Ching Yu |
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| description | Patterns of disease and therapeutic responses vary widely among patients with autoimmune glomerulonephritis. This study introduces groundbreaking personalized infrared (IR)-based diagnostics for real-time monitoring of disease status and treatment responses in lupus nephritis (LN). We have established a relative absorption difference (RAD) equation to assess characteristic spectral indices based on the temporal peak heights (PHs) of two characteristic serum absorption bands: ν<sub>1</sub> as the target signal and ν<sub>2</sub> as the PH reference for the ν<sub>1</sub> absorption band, measured at each dehydration time (t) during dehydration. The RAD gap (Ψ), defined as the difference in the RAD values between the initial and final stages of serum dehydration, enables the measurement of serum levels of IgG glycosylation (ν<sub>1</sub> (1030 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1171 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), serum lactate (ν<sub>1</sub> (1021 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1171 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), serum hydrophobicity (ν<sub>1</sub> (2930 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (2960 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), serum hydrophilicity (ν<sub>1</sub> (1550 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1650 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), and albumin (ν<sub>1</sub> (1400 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1450 cm<sup>−1</sup>)). Furthermore, this IR-based assay incorporates an innovative algorithm and our proprietary iPath software (ver. 1.0), which calculates the prognosis prediction function (PPF, Φ) from the RAD gaps of five spectral markers and correlates these with conventional clinical renal biomarkers. We propose that this algorithm-assisted, IR-based approach can augment the patient-centric care of LN patients, particularly by focusing on changes in serum IgG glycosylation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1e8f615a04d64f529fb2e7e563f6679c |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-1e8f615a04d64f529fb2e7e563f6679c2025-01-24T13:25:31ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742025-01-011513910.3390/bios15010039Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis ActivityMei-Ching Yu0Xiang-Di Huang1Chin-Wei Kuo2Kai-Fu Zhang3Ping-Chung Liang4U-Ser Jeng5Pei-Yu Huang6Frederick Wai Keung Tam7Yao-Chang Lee8Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, TaiwanNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, TaiwanNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, TaiwanNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, TaiwanNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, TaiwanNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, TaiwanCentre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, TaiwanPatterns of disease and therapeutic responses vary widely among patients with autoimmune glomerulonephritis. This study introduces groundbreaking personalized infrared (IR)-based diagnostics for real-time monitoring of disease status and treatment responses in lupus nephritis (LN). We have established a relative absorption difference (RAD) equation to assess characteristic spectral indices based on the temporal peak heights (PHs) of two characteristic serum absorption bands: ν<sub>1</sub> as the target signal and ν<sub>2</sub> as the PH reference for the ν<sub>1</sub> absorption band, measured at each dehydration time (t) during dehydration. The RAD gap (Ψ), defined as the difference in the RAD values between the initial and final stages of serum dehydration, enables the measurement of serum levels of IgG glycosylation (ν<sub>1</sub> (1030 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1171 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), serum lactate (ν<sub>1</sub> (1021 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1171 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), serum hydrophobicity (ν<sub>1</sub> (2930 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (2960 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), serum hydrophilicity (ν<sub>1</sub> (1550 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1650 cm<sup>−1</sup>)), and albumin (ν<sub>1</sub> (1400 cm<sup>−1</sup>), ν<sub>2</sub> (1450 cm<sup>−1</sup>)). Furthermore, this IR-based assay incorporates an innovative algorithm and our proprietary iPath software (ver. 1.0), which calculates the prognosis prediction function (PPF, Φ) from the RAD gaps of five spectral markers and correlates these with conventional clinical renal biomarkers. We propose that this algorithm-assisted, IR-based approach can augment the patient-centric care of LN patients, particularly by focusing on changes in serum IgG glycosylation.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/1/39lupus nephritisFTIR spectroscopyIgG glycosylationprognosis prediction functionrelative absorption differenceiPath |
| spellingShingle | Mei-Ching Yu Xiang-Di Huang Chin-Wei Kuo Kai-Fu Zhang Ping-Chung Liang U-Ser Jeng Pei-Yu Huang Frederick Wai Keung Tam Yao-Chang Lee Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis Activity Biosensors lupus nephritis FTIR spectroscopy IgG glycosylation prognosis prediction function relative absorption difference iPath |
| title | Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis Activity |
| title_full | Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis Activity |
| title_fullStr | Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis Activity |
| title_short | Developing a Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis with Chemometrics and Computational Enhancement for Assessing Lupus Nephritis Activity |
| title_sort | developing a label free infrared spectroscopic analysis with chemometrics and computational enhancement for assessing lupus nephritis activity |
| topic | lupus nephritis FTIR spectroscopy IgG glycosylation prognosis prediction function relative absorption difference iPath |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/1/39 |
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