Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia
BACKGROUND: Air pollution exposure can increase the risk of development and exacerbation of chronic airway disease (CAD). We set out to assess CAD patients in Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia and to compare their measured exposures to air pollution. METHODOLOGY: We recruited patients with a diagnosis...
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International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union)
2024-04-01
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| Series: | IJTLD Open |
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| author | B. Awokola H. Lawin O. Johnson A. Humphrey D. Nzogo L. Zubar G. Okello S. Semple E. Awokola G. Amusa N. Mohammed C. Jewell A. Erhart K. Mortimer G. Devereux B.H. Mbatchou-Ngahane |
| author_facet | B. Awokola H. Lawin O. Johnson A. Humphrey D. Nzogo L. Zubar G. Okello S. Semple E. Awokola G. Amusa N. Mohammed C. Jewell A. Erhart K. Mortimer G. Devereux B.H. Mbatchou-Ngahane |
| author_sort | B. Awokola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Air pollution exposure can increase the risk of development and exacerbation of chronic airway disease (CAD). We set out to assess CAD patients in Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia and to compare their measured exposures to air pollution. METHODOLOGY: We recruited patients with a diagnosis of CAD from four clinics in the three countries. We collected epidemiological, spirometric and home air pollution data. RESULTS: Of the 98 adults recruited, 56 were men; the mean age was 51.6 years (standard deviation ±17.5). Most (69%) patients resided in cities and ever smoking was highest in Cameroon (23.0%). Cough, wheeze and shortness of breath were reported across the countries. A diagnosis of asthma was present in 74.0%; 16.3% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 4.1% had chronic bronchitis. Prevalence of airflow obstruction was respectively 77.1%, 54.0% and 64.0% in Benin, Cameroon, and Gambia. Across the sites, 18.0% reported >5 exacerbations. The median home particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) was respectively 13.0 μg/m3, 5.0 μg/m3 and 4.4 μg/m3. The median home carbon monoxide (CO) exposures were respectively 1.6 parts per million (ppm), 0.3 ppm and 0.4 ppm. Home PM2.5 differed significantly between the three countries (P < 0.001) while home CO did not. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, preventive programmes should focus on ensuring proper spirometric diagnosis, good disease control and reduction in air pollution exposure. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1e0302bfa779407a8109e1767f915aa1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 3005-7590 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IJTLD Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-1e0302bfa779407a8109e1767f915aa12025-01-21T10:36:56ZengInternational Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union)IJTLD Open3005-75902024-04-011417418010.5588/ijtldopen.23.04905Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The GambiaB. Awokola0H. Lawin1O. Johnson2A. Humphrey3D. Nzogo4L. Zubar5G. Okello6S. Semple7E. Awokola8G. Amusa9N. Mohammed10C. Jewell11A. Erhart12K. Mortimer13G. Devereux14B.H. Mbatchou-Ngahane15Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK;Occupational Health Unit, University of Abomey Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin Republic;Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK;Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon;Education for Health Africa, Cape Town, South Africa;Prince of Wales Institute for Leadership Sustainability, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK;Department of Nursing, American International University of West Africa, The Gambia;Department of Internal Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos,Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia;Centre for Health Informatics, Computing and Statistics (CHICAS), Lancaster University, Lancaster,Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia;Cambridge Africa, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK;Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala,BACKGROUND: Air pollution exposure can increase the risk of development and exacerbation of chronic airway disease (CAD). We set out to assess CAD patients in Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia and to compare their measured exposures to air pollution. METHODOLOGY: We recruited patients with a diagnosis of CAD from four clinics in the three countries. We collected epidemiological, spirometric and home air pollution data. RESULTS: Of the 98 adults recruited, 56 were men; the mean age was 51.6 years (standard deviation ±17.5). Most (69%) patients resided in cities and ever smoking was highest in Cameroon (23.0%). Cough, wheeze and shortness of breath were reported across the countries. A diagnosis of asthma was present in 74.0%; 16.3% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 4.1% had chronic bronchitis. Prevalence of airflow obstruction was respectively 77.1%, 54.0% and 64.0% in Benin, Cameroon, and Gambia. Across the sites, 18.0% reported >5 exacerbations. The median home particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) was respectively 13.0 μg/m3, 5.0 μg/m3 and 4.4 μg/m3. The median home carbon monoxide (CO) exposures were respectively 1.6 parts per million (ppm), 0.3 ppm and 0.4 ppm. Home PM2.5 differed significantly between the three countries (P < 0.001) while home CO did not. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, preventive programmes should focus on ensuring proper spirometric diagnosis, good disease control and reduction in air pollution exposure.https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iuatld/ijtldo/2024/00000001/00000004/art00005chronic airway diseasepollutionsub-saharan africacadparticulate matter |
| spellingShingle | B. Awokola H. Lawin O. Johnson A. Humphrey D. Nzogo L. Zubar G. Okello S. Semple E. Awokola G. Amusa N. Mohammed C. Jewell A. Erhart K. Mortimer G. Devereux B.H. Mbatchou-Ngahane Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia IJTLD Open chronic airway disease pollution sub-saharan africa cad particulate matter |
| title | Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia |
| title_full | Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia |
| title_fullStr | Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia |
| title_short | Non-communicable airway disease and air pollution in three African Countries: Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia |
| title_sort | non communicable airway disease and air pollution in three african countries benin cameroon and the gambia |
| topic | chronic airway disease pollution sub-saharan africa cad particulate matter |
| url | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iuatld/ijtldo/2024/00000001/00000004/art00005 |
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