GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts

GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed to date. Extensive observations of its afterglow emission across the electromagnetic spectrum were performed, providing the first strong evidence of a jet with a nontrivial angular structure in a long GRB. We carried out an extensive observ...

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Main Authors:	K. Abe, S. Abe, A. Abhishek, F. Acero, A. Aguasca-Cabot, I. Agudo, C. Alispach, D. Ambrosino, F. Ambrosino, L. A. Antonelli, C. Aramo, A. Arbet-Engels, C. Arcaro, T. T. H. Arnesen, K. Asano, P. Aubert, A. Baktash, M. Balbo, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, L. Barrios Jiménez, I. Batkovic, J. Baxter, J. Becerra González, E. Bernardini, J. Bernete, A. Berti, I. Bezshyiko, C. Bigongiari, E. Bissaldi, O. Blanch, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, G. Borkowski, G. Brunelli, A. Bulgarelli, M. Bunse, I. Burelli, L. Burmistrov, M. Cardillo, S. Caroff, A. Carosi, R. Carraro, M. S. Carrasco, F. Cassol, D. Cerasole, G. Ceribella, A. Cerviño Cortínez, Y. Chai, K. Cheng, A. Chiavassa, M. Chikawa, G. Chon, L. Chytka, G. M. Cicciari, A. Cifuentes, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, H. Costantini, M. Dalchenko, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, M. de Bony de Lavergne, R. Del Burgo, C. Delgado, J. Delgado Mengual, M. Dellaiera, D. della Volpe, B. De Lotto, L. Del Peral, R. de Menezes, G. De Palma, C. Díaz, A. Di Piano, F. Di Pierro, R. Di Tria, L. Di Venere, R. M. Dominik, D. Dominis Prester, A. Donini, D. Dorner, M. Doro, L. Eisenberger, D. Elsässer, G. Emery, J. Escudero, V. Fallah Ramazani, F. Ferrarotto, A. Fiasson, L. Foffano, F. Frías García-Lago, S. Fröse, Y. Fukazawa, S. Gallozzi, R. Garcia López, S. Garcia Soto, C. Gasbarra, D. Gasparrini, D. Geyer, J. Giesbrecht Paiva, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, N. Godinovic, T. Gradetzke, R. Grau, D. Green, J. Green, S. Gunji, P. Günther, J. Hackfeld, D. Hadasch, A. Hahn, M. Hashizume, T. Hassan, K. Hayashi, L. Heckmann, M. Heller, J. Herrera Llorente, K. Hirotani, D. Hoffmann, D. Horns, J. Houles, M. Hrabovsky, D. Hrupec, D. Hui, M. Iarlori, R. Imazawa, T. Inada, Y. Inome, S. Inoue, K. Ioka, M. Iori, T. Itokawa, A. Iuliano, J. Jahanvi, I. Jimenez Martinez, J. Jimenez Quiles, I. Jorge Rodrigo, J. Jurysek, M. Kagaya, O. Kalashev, V. Karas, H. Katagiri, D. Kerszberg, T. Kiyomot, Y. Kobayashi, K. Kohri, A. Kong, P. Kornecki, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, B. Lacave, M. Lainez, G. Lamanna, A. Lamastra, L. Lemoigne, M. Linhoff, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, R. López-Coto, M. López-Moya, A. López-Oramas, S. Loporchio, A. Lorini, J. Lozano Bahilo, F. Lucarelli, H. Luciani, P. L. Luque-Escamilla, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, M. Mallamaci, D. Mandat, M. Manganaro, D. K. Maniadakis, G. Manicò, K. Mannheim, S. Marchesi, F. Marini, M. Mariotti, P. Marquez, G. Marsella, J. Martí, O. Martinez, G. Martínez, M. Martínez, A. Mas-Aguilar, M. Massa, G. Maurin, D. Mazin, J. Méndez-Gallego, S. Menon, E. Mestre Guillen, D. Miceli, T. Miener, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, M. Mizote, T. Mizuno, M. Molero Gonzalez, E. Molina, T. Montaruli, A. Moralejo, D. Morcuende, A. Moreno Ramos, A. Morselli, V. Moya, H. Muraishi, K. Murase, S. Nagataki, T. Nakamori, A. Neronov, D. Nieto Castaño, M. Nievas Rosillo, L. Nikolic, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, S. Nozaki, M. Ohishi, Y. Ohtani, T. Oka, A. Okumura, R. Orito, L. Orsini, J. Otero-Santos, P. Ottanelli, M. Palatiello, G. Panebianco, D. Paneque, F. R. Pantaleo, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, M. Pech, M. Pecimotika, M. Peresano, F. Pfeifle, E. Pietropaolo, M. Pihet, G. Pirola, C. Plard, F. Podobnik, M. Polo, E. Prandini, M. Prouza, S. Rainò, R. Rando, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, V. Rizi, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, P. Romano, A. Roy, A. Ruina, E. Ruiz-Velasco, T. Saito, S. Sakurai, D. A. Sanchez, H. Sano, T. Šarić, Y. Sato, F. G. Saturni, V. Savchenko, F. Schiavone, B. Schleicher, F. Schmuckermaier, J. L. Schubert, F. Schussler, T. Schweizer, M. Seglar Arroyo, T. Siegert, G. Silvestri, A. Simongini, J. Sitarek, V. Sliusar, A. Stamerra, J. Strišković, M. Strzys, Y. Suda, A. Sunny, H. Tajima, M. Takahashi, J. Takata, R. Takeishi, P. H. T. Tam, S. J. Tanaka, D. Tateishi, T. Tavernier, P. Temnikov, Y. Terada, K. Terauchi, T. Terzic, M. Teshima, M. Tluczykont, F. Tokanai, T. Tomura, D. F. Torres, F. Tramonti, P. Travnicek, G. Tripodo, A. Tutone, M. Vacula, J. van Scherpenberg, M. Vázquez Acosta, S. Ventura, S. Vercellone, G. Verna, I. Viale, A. Vigliano, C. F. Vigorito, E. Visentin, V. Vitale, V. Voitsekhovskyi, G. Voutsinas, I. Vovk, T. Vuillaume, R. Walter, L. Wan, M. Will, J. Wójtowicz, T. Yamamoto, R. Yamazaki, Y. Yao, P. K. H. Yeung, T. Yoshida, T. Yoshikoshi, W. Zhang, (The CTAO-LST Collaboration)
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:	The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Subjects:	Gamma-ray bursts Transient sources Non-thermal radiation sources
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ade4cf
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_version_	1850061728985907200
author	K. Abe S. Abe A. Abhishek F. Acero A. Aguasca-Cabot I. Agudo C. Alispach D. Ambrosino F. Ambrosino L. A. Antonelli C. Aramo A. Arbet-Engels C. Arcaro T. T. H. Arnesen K. Asano P. Aubert A. Baktash M. Balbo A. Bamba A. Baquero Larriva U. Barres de Almeida J. A. Barrio L. Barrios Jiménez I. Batkovic J. Baxter J. Becerra González E. Bernardini J. Bernete A. Berti I. Bezshyiko C. Bigongiari E. Bissaldi O. Blanch G. Bonnoli P. Bordas G. Borkowski G. Brunelli A. Bulgarelli M. Bunse I. Burelli L. Burmistrov M. Cardillo S. Caroff A. Carosi R. Carraro M. S. Carrasco F. Cassol D. Cerasole G. Ceribella A. Cerviño Cortínez Y. Chai K. Cheng A. Chiavassa M. Chikawa G. Chon L. Chytka G. M. Cicciari A. Cifuentes J. L. Contreras J. Cortina H. Costantini M. Dalchenko P. Da Vela F. Dazzi A. De Angelis M. de Bony de Lavergne R. Del Burgo C. Delgado J. Delgado Mengual M. Dellaiera D. della Volpe B. De Lotto L. Del Peral R. de Menezes G. De Palma C. Díaz A. Di Piano F. Di Pierro R. Di Tria L. Di Venere R. M. Dominik D. Dominis Prester A. Donini D. Dorner M. Doro L. Eisenberger D. Elsässer G. Emery J. Escudero V. Fallah Ramazani F. Ferrarotto A. Fiasson L. Foffano F. Frías García-Lago S. Fröse Y. Fukazawa S. Gallozzi R. Garcia López S. Garcia Soto C. Gasbarra D. Gasparrini D. Geyer J. Giesbrecht Paiva N. Giglietto F. Giordano N. Godinovic T. Gradetzke R. Grau D. Green J. Green S. Gunji P. Günther J. Hackfeld D. Hadasch A. Hahn M. Hashizume T. Hassan K. Hayashi L. Heckmann M. Heller J. Herrera Llorente K. Hirotani D. Hoffmann D. Horns J. Houles M. Hrabovsky D. Hrupec D. Hui M. Iarlori R. Imazawa T. Inada Y. Inome S. Inoue K. Ioka M. Iori T. Itokawa A. Iuliano J. Jahanvi I. Jimenez Martinez J. Jimenez Quiles I. Jorge Rodrigo J. Jurysek M. Kagaya O. Kalashev V. Karas H. Katagiri D. Kerszberg T. Kiyomot Y. Kobayashi K. Kohri A. Kong P. Kornecki H. Kubo J. Kushida B. Lacave M. Lainez G. Lamanna A. Lamastra L. Lemoigne M. Linhoff S. Lombardi F. Longo R. López-Coto M. López-Moya A. López-Oramas S. Loporchio A. Lorini J. Lozano Bahilo F. Lucarelli H. Luciani P. L. Luque-Escamilla P. Majumdar M. Makariev M. Mallamaci D. Mandat M. Manganaro D. K. Maniadakis G. Manicò K. Mannheim S. Marchesi F. Marini M. Mariotti P. Marquez G. Marsella J. Martí O. Martinez G. Martínez M. Martínez A. Mas-Aguilar M. Massa G. Maurin D. Mazin J. Méndez-Gallego S. Menon E. Mestre Guillen D. Miceli T. Miener J. M. Miranda R. Mirzoyan M. Mizote T. Mizuno M. Molero Gonzalez E. Molina T. Montaruli A. Moralejo D. Morcuende A. Moreno Ramos A. Morselli V. Moya H. Muraishi K. Murase S. Nagataki T. Nakamori A. Neronov D. Nieto Castaño M. Nievas Rosillo L. Nikolic K. Nishijima K. Noda D. Nosek V. Novotny S. Nozaki M. Ohishi Y. Ohtani T. Oka A. Okumura R. Orito L. Orsini J. Otero-Santos P. Ottanelli M. Palatiello G. Panebianco D. Paneque F. R. Pantaleo R. Paoletti J. M. Paredes M. Pech M. Pecimotika M. Peresano F. Pfeifle E. Pietropaolo M. Pihet G. Pirola C. Plard F. Podobnik M. Polo E. Prandini M. Prouza S. Rainò R. Rando W. Rhode M. Ribó V. Rizi G. Rodriguez Fernandez M. D. Rodríguez Frías P. Romano A. Roy A. Ruina E. Ruiz-Velasco T. Saito S. Sakurai D. A. Sanchez H. Sano T. Šarić Y. Sato F. G. Saturni V. Savchenko F. Schiavone B. Schleicher F. Schmuckermaier J. L. Schubert F. Schussler T. Schweizer M. Seglar Arroyo T. Siegert G. Silvestri A. Simongini J. Sitarek V. Sliusar A. Stamerra J. Strišković M. Strzys Y. Suda A. Sunny H. Tajima M. Takahashi J. Takata R. Takeishi P. H. T. Tam S. J. Tanaka D. Tateishi T. Tavernier P. Temnikov Y. Terada K. Terauchi T. Terzic M. Teshima M. Tluczykont F. Tokanai T. Tomura D. F. Torres F. Tramonti P. Travnicek G. Tripodo A. Tutone M. Vacula J. van Scherpenberg M. Vázquez Acosta S. Ventura S. Vercellone G. Verna I. Viale A. Vigliano C. F. Vigorito E. Visentin V. Vitale V. Voitsekhovskyi G. Voutsinas I. Vovk T. Vuillaume R. Walter L. Wan M. Will J. Wójtowicz T. Yamamoto R. Yamazaki Y. Yao P. K. H. Yeung T. Yoshida T. Yoshikoshi W. Zhang (The CTAO-LST Collaboration)
author_facet	K. Abe S. Abe A. Abhishek F. Acero A. Aguasca-Cabot I. Agudo C. Alispach D. Ambrosino F. Ambrosino L. A. Antonelli C. Aramo A. Arbet-Engels C. Arcaro T. T. H. Arnesen K. Asano P. Aubert A. Baktash M. Balbo A. Bamba A. Baquero Larriva U. Barres de Almeida J. A. Barrio L. Barrios Jiménez I. Batkovic J. Baxter J. Becerra González E. Bernardini J. Bernete A. Berti I. Bezshyiko C. Bigongiari E. Bissaldi O. Blanch G. Bonnoli P. Bordas G. Borkowski G. Brunelli A. Bulgarelli M. Bunse I. Burelli L. Burmistrov M. Cardillo S. Caroff A. Carosi R. Carraro M. S. Carrasco F. Cassol D. Cerasole G. Ceribella A. Cerviño Cortínez Y. Chai K. Cheng A. Chiavassa M. Chikawa G. Chon L. Chytka G. M. Cicciari A. Cifuentes J. L. Contreras J. Cortina H. Costantini M. Dalchenko P. Da Vela F. Dazzi A. De Angelis M. de Bony de Lavergne R. Del Burgo C. Delgado J. Delgado Mengual M. Dellaiera D. della Volpe B. De Lotto L. Del Peral R. de Menezes G. De Palma C. Díaz A. Di Piano F. Di Pierro R. Di Tria L. Di Venere R. M. Dominik D. Dominis Prester A. Donini D. Dorner M. Doro L. Eisenberger D. Elsässer G. Emery J. Escudero V. Fallah Ramazani F. Ferrarotto A. Fiasson L. Foffano F. Frías García-Lago S. Fröse Y. Fukazawa S. Gallozzi R. Garcia López S. Garcia Soto C. Gasbarra D. Gasparrini D. Geyer J. Giesbrecht Paiva N. Giglietto F. Giordano N. Godinovic T. Gradetzke R. Grau D. Green J. Green S. Gunji P. Günther J. Hackfeld D. Hadasch A. Hahn M. Hashizume T. Hassan K. Hayashi L. Heckmann M. Heller J. Herrera Llorente K. Hirotani D. Hoffmann D. Horns J. Houles M. Hrabovsky D. Hrupec D. Hui M. Iarlori R. Imazawa T. Inada Y. Inome S. Inoue K. Ioka M. Iori T. Itokawa A. Iuliano J. Jahanvi I. Jimenez Martinez J. Jimenez Quiles I. Jorge Rodrigo J. Jurysek M. Kagaya O. Kalashev V. Karas H. Katagiri D. Kerszberg T. Kiyomot Y. Kobayashi K. Kohri A. Kong P. Kornecki H. Kubo J. Kushida B. Lacave M. Lainez G. Lamanna A. Lamastra L. Lemoigne M. Linhoff S. Lombardi F. Longo R. López-Coto M. López-Moya A. López-Oramas S. Loporchio A. Lorini J. Lozano Bahilo F. Lucarelli H. Luciani P. L. Luque-Escamilla P. Majumdar M. Makariev M. Mallamaci D. Mandat M. Manganaro D. K. Maniadakis G. Manicò K. Mannheim S. Marchesi F. Marini M. Mariotti P. Marquez G. Marsella J. Martí O. Martinez G. Martínez M. Martínez A. Mas-Aguilar M. Massa G. Maurin D. Mazin J. Méndez-Gallego S. Menon E. Mestre Guillen D. Miceli T. Miener J. M. Miranda R. Mirzoyan M. Mizote T. Mizuno M. Molero Gonzalez E. Molina T. Montaruli A. Moralejo D. Morcuende A. Moreno Ramos A. Morselli V. Moya H. Muraishi K. Murase S. Nagataki T. Nakamori A. Neronov D. Nieto Castaño M. Nievas Rosillo L. Nikolic K. Nishijima K. Noda D. Nosek V. Novotny S. Nozaki M. Ohishi Y. Ohtani T. Oka A. Okumura R. Orito L. Orsini J. Otero-Santos P. Ottanelli M. Palatiello G. Panebianco D. Paneque F. R. Pantaleo R. Paoletti J. M. Paredes M. Pech M. Pecimotika M. Peresano F. Pfeifle E. Pietropaolo M. Pihet G. Pirola C. Plard F. Podobnik M. Polo E. Prandini M. Prouza S. Rainò R. Rando W. Rhode M. Ribó V. Rizi G. Rodriguez Fernandez M. D. Rodríguez Frías P. Romano A. Roy A. Ruina E. Ruiz-Velasco T. Saito S. Sakurai D. A. Sanchez H. Sano T. Šarić Y. Sato F. G. Saturni V. Savchenko F. Schiavone B. Schleicher F. Schmuckermaier J. L. Schubert F. Schussler T. Schweizer M. Seglar Arroyo T. Siegert G. Silvestri A. Simongini J. Sitarek V. Sliusar A. Stamerra J. Strišković M. Strzys Y. Suda A. Sunny H. Tajima M. Takahashi J. Takata R. Takeishi P. H. T. Tam S. J. Tanaka D. Tateishi T. Tavernier P. Temnikov Y. Terada K. Terauchi T. Terzic M. Teshima M. Tluczykont F. Tokanai T. Tomura D. F. Torres F. Tramonti P. Travnicek G. Tripodo A. Tutone M. Vacula J. van Scherpenberg M. Vázquez Acosta S. Ventura S. Vercellone G. Verna I. Viale A. Vigliano C. F. Vigorito E. Visentin V. Vitale V. Voitsekhovskyi G. Voutsinas I. Vovk T. Vuillaume R. Walter L. Wan M. Will J. Wójtowicz T. Yamamoto R. Yamazaki Y. Yao P. K. H. Yeung T. Yoshida T. Yoshikoshi W. Zhang (The CTAO-LST Collaboration)
author_sort	K. Abe
collection	DOAJ
description	GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed to date. Extensive observations of its afterglow emission across the electromagnetic spectrum were performed, providing the first strong evidence of a jet with a nontrivial angular structure in a long GRB. We carried out an extensive observation campaign in very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays with the first Large-Sized Telescope of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory starting on 2022 October 10, about 1 day after the burst. A dedicated analysis of the GRB 221009A data is performed to account for the different moonlight conditions under which data were recorded. We find an excess of gamma-like events with a statistical significance of 4.1 σ during the observations taken 1.33 days after the burst, followed by background-compatible results for the later days. The results are compared with various models of afterglows from structured jets that are consistent with the published multiwavelength data but entail significant quantitative and qualitative differences in the VHE emission after 1 day. We disfavor models that imply VHE flux at 1 day considerably above 10 ^−11 erg cm ^−2 s ^−1 . Our late-time VHE observations can help disentangle the degeneracy among the models and provide valuable new insight into the structure of GRB jets.
format	Article
id	doaj-art-1d294d7d297e4d65a683e68a23fb6d2a
institution	DOAJ
issn	2041-8205
language	English
publishDate	2025-01-01
publisher	IOP Publishing
record_format	Article
series	The Astrophysical Journal Letters
spelling	doaj-art-1d294d7d297e4d65a683e68a23fb6d2a2025-08-20T02:50:08ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052025-01-019882L4210.3847/2041-8213/ade4cfGRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray BurstsK. Abe0S. Abe1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7250-3596A. Abhishek2https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5239-7905F. Acero3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-2816A. Aguasca-Cabot4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8816-4920I. Agudo5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3777-6182C. Alispach6D. Ambrosino7F. Ambrosino8L. A. Antonelli9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5037-9034C. Aramo10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8412-3846A. Arbet-Engels11https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9076-9582C. Arcaro12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-9707T. T. H. Arnesen13K. Asano14https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-160XP. Aubert15A. Baktash16https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-117XM. Balbo17A. Bamba18https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0890-4920A. Baquero Larriva19https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-5826U. Barres de Almeida20https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-588XJ. A. Barrio21https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0965-0259L. Barrios Jiménez22https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6006-175XI. Batkovic23https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-2542J. Baxter24J. Becerra González25https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-9022E. Bernardini26https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3108-1141J. Bernete27https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8108-7552A. Berti28https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-4190I. Bezshyiko29C. Bigongiari30https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-8522E. Bissaldi31https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9935-8106O. Blanch32https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-1633G. Bonnoli33https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2464-9077P. Bordas34https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0266-8536G. Borkowski35https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1350-8981G. Brunelli36https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2078-2456A. Bulgarelli37https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-0649M. Bunse38I. Burelli39https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8383-2202L. Burmistrov40M. Cardillo41https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-3996S. Caroff42https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-130XA. Carosi43https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8690-6804R. Carraro44M. S. Carrasco45https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6484-485XF. Cassol46https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-1992D. Cerasole47https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-756XG. Ceribella48https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-2751A. Cerviño Cortínez49Y. Chai50https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2816-2821K. Cheng51A. Chiavassa52https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-2589M. Chikawa53G. Chon54L. Chytka55https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5741-259XG. M. Cicciari56https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3885-051XA. Cifuentes57https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1033-5296J. L. Contreras58https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-2394J. Cortina59https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4576-0452H. Costantini60https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-3081M. Dalchenko61https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0137-136XP. Da Vela62https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-4517F. Dazzi63https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5409-6544A. De Angelis64https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3288-2517M. de Bony de Lavergne65https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-1666R. Del Burgo66C. Delgado67https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7014-4101J. Delgado Mengual68https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-5464M. Dellaiera69D. della Volpe70https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-7447B. De Lotto71https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-4480L. Del Peral72https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-5668R. de Menezes73https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5489-4925G. De Palma74C. Díaz75https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5931-2709A. Di Piano76https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9894-7491F. Di Pierro77https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4861-432XR. Di Tria78https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1088-5307L. Di Venere79https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-824XR. M. Dominik80https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-7200D. Dominis Prester81https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9880-5039A. Donini82https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-724XD. Dorner83https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8823-479XM. Doro84https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3214L. Eisenberger85D. Elsässer86https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-3205G. Emery87https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-4742J. Escudero88https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-655XV. Fallah Ramazani89https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8991-7744F. Ferrarotto90https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-0378A. Fiasson91https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-6157L. Foffano92https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0709-9707F. Frías García-Lago93https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5848-8763S. Fröse94https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1832-4129Y. Fukazawa95https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0921-8837S. Gallozzi96R. Garcia López97https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-6832S. Garcia Soto98C. Gasbarra99https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8335-9614D. Gasparrini100https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5064-9495D. Geyer101https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-2498J. Giesbrecht Paiva102N. Giglietto103https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9021-2888F. Giordano104https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8651-2394N. Godinovic105https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4674-9450T. Gradetzke106https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0646-2495R. Grau107https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1891-6290D. Green108https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0768-2203J. Green109https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1130-6692S. Gunji110https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5881-2445P. Günther111J. Hackfeld112https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-6408D. Hadasch113https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8663-6461A. Hahn114https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0827-5642M. Hashizume115T. Hassan116https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-9196K. Hayashi117https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-8139L. Heckmann118https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6653-8407M. Heller119https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-0148J. Herrera Llorente120https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-4918K. Hirotani121https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2472-9002D. Hoffmann122https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5209-5265D. Horns123https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1945-0119J. Houles124https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5373-7992M. Hrabovsky125https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4223-7316D. Hrupec126https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5021D. Hui127M. Iarlori128R. Imazawa129https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0643-7946T. Inada130https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-9314Y. Inome131S. Inoue132https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-9424K. Ioka133https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3517-1956M. Iori134https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-0380T. Itokawa135A. Iuliano136https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6087-9633J. Jahanvi137I. Jimenez Martinez138https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-6919J. Jimenez Quiles139https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6729-5709I. Jorge Rodrigo140J. Jurysek141https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3130-4168M. Kagaya142O. Kalashev143https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-1842V. Karas144https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5760-0459H. Katagiri145https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2347-8819D. Kerszberg146https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-1509T. Kiyomot147Y. Kobayashi148https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5680-6614K. Kohri149https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-8612A. Kong150https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5105-344XP. Kornecki151H. Kubo152https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9159-9853J. Kushida153https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8002-8585B. Lacave154M. Lainez155https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-922XG. Lamanna156https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2307-0023A. Lamastra157https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2403-913XL. Lemoigne158M. Linhoff159https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7993-8189S. Lombardi160F. Longo161https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2501-2270R. López-Coto162https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3882-9477M. López-Moya163A. López-Oramas164https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4603-1884S. Loporchio165https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4457-5431A. Lorini166https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1228-0967J. Lozano Bahilo167F. Lucarelli168H. Luciani169P. L. Luque-Escamilla170https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-9456P. Majumdar171https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-5040M. Makariev172https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1622-3116M. Mallamaci173https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-0496D. Mandat174https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7748-7468M. Manganaro175https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1530-3031D. K. Maniadakis176G. Manicò177https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6428-1871K. Mannheim178https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-6641S. Marchesi179F. Marini180M. Mariotti181https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3297-4128P. Marquez182https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9591-7967G. Marsella183https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-8874J. Martí184https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5302-0660O. Martinez185https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3353-7707G. Martínez186https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1061-8520M. Martínez187https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9763-9155A. Mas-Aguilar188https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8893-9009M. Massa189G. Maurin190https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6970-0588D. Mazin191https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2010-4005J. Méndez-Gallego192https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6222-5813S. Menon193E. Mestre Guillen194https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3968-1782D. Miceli195https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-0098T. Miener196https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-7964J. M. Miranda197https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-9690R. Mirzoyan198https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0163-7233M. Mizote199T. Mizuno200https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7263-0296M. Molero Gonzalez201https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0967-715XE. Molina202https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1204-5516T. Montaruli203https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5014-2152A. Moralejo204https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1344-9080D. Morcuende205https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-0922A. Moreno Ramos206A. Morselli207https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-9553V. Moya208https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9407-5545H. Muraishi209https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3054-5725K. Murase210S. Nagataki211T. Nakamori212https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7308-2356A. Neronov213https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6748-368XD. Nieto Castaño214M. Nievas Rosillo215https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8321-9168L. Nikolic216K. Nishijima217https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-4251K. Noda218https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1397-6478D. Nosek219https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6219-200XV. Novotny220https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4319-4541S. Nozaki221https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-2767M. Ohishi222https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-0968Y. Ohtani223https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-4958T. Oka224https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9924-9978A. Okumura225https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-7964R. Orito226L. Orsini227J. Otero-Santos228https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4241-5875P. Ottanelli229https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-6674M. Palatiello230https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-5747G. Panebianco231https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-8613D. Paneque232https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2830-0502F. R. Pantaleo233https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-5373R. Paoletti234https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0158-2826J. M. Paredes235https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1566-9044M. Pech236https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-0456M. Pecimotika237https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4699-1845M. Peresano238https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-7334F. Pfeifle239E. Pietropaolo240https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-9846M. Pihet241https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4691-3866G. Pirola242https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-2612C. Plard243https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-3800F. Podobnik244https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-9487M. Polo245E. Prandini246https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-9053M. Prouza247https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-9597S. Rainò248https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-0345R. Rando249https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6992-818XW. Rhode250https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-5000M. Ribó251https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-4557V. Rizi252https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-6527G. Rodriguez Fernandez253https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4683-230XM. D. Rodríguez Frías254https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2550-4462P. Romano255https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0258-7469A. Roy256A. Ruina257https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6708-6580E. Ruiz-Velasco258https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6939-7825T. Saito259https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-3761S. Sakurai260https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7427-4520D. A. Sanchez261https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-4496H. Sano262https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-5692T. Šarić263https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8731-8369Y. Sato264https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-9146F. G. Saturni265https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-7706V. Savchenko266https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6353-0808F. Schiavone267B. Schleicher268https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8624-8629F. Schmuckermaier269https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2089-0277J. L. Schubert270https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5691-590XF. Schussler271https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-6571T. Schweizer272M. Seglar Arroyo273https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-409XT. Siegert274https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0552-3535G. Silvestri275A. Simongini276https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3416-9865J. Sitarek277https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1659-5374V. Sliusar278https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-9372A. Stamerra279https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9430-5264J. Strišković280https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2902-5044M. Strzys281https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-1045Y. Suda282https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2692-5891A. Sunny283https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2493-8987H. Tajima284https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-7252M. Takahashi285https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-6018J. Takata286R. Takeishi287https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6335-5317P. H. T. Tam288https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-7375S. J. Tanaka289https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8796-1992D. Tateishi290https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0248-4064T. Tavernier291P. Temnikov292https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-3384Y. Terada293https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2359-1857K. Terauchi294https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3519-2535T. Terzic295https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-3407M. Teshima296M. Tluczykont297F. Tokanai298T. Tomura299D. F. Torres300https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1522-9065F. Tramonti301P. Travnicek302https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-9584G. Tripodo303A. Tutone304https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-0001M. Vacula305https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-3962J. van Scherpenberg306https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6173-867XM. Vázquez Acosta307https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2409-9792S. Ventura308https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-5342S. Vercellone309https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-1396G. Verna310https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-9028I. Viale311https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-5930A. Vigliano312https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3508-4019C. F. Vigorito313https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0069-9195E. Visentin314https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-5985V. Vitale315https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8040-7852V. Voitsekhovskyi316https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3906-4840G. Voutsinas317https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9386-5810I. Vovk318https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3444-3830T. Vuillaume319https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5686-2078R. Walter320https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2362-4433L. Wan321M. Will322https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7504-2083J. Wójtowicz323https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5029-0196T. Yamamoto324https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9734-8203R. Yamazaki325https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1251-7889Y. Yao326P. K. H. Yeung327https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3476-022XT. Yoshida328https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7708-6362T. Yoshikoshi329https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-9839W. Zhang330https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2839-1325(The CTAO-LST Collaboration)Department of Physics, Tokai University , 4-1-1, Kita-Kaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyUniversité Paris-Saclay , Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France; FSLAC IRL 2009 , CNRS/IAC, La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainDepartament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona , IEEC-UB, Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, SpainInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, SpainDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Chemin d’Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandINFN Sezione di Napoli , Via Cintia, ed. G, 80126 Napoli, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINFN Sezione di Napoli , Via Cintia, ed. G, 80126 Napoli, ItalyMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceUniversität Hamburg , Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Chemin d’Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandGraduate School of Science, University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidad del Azuay , Cuenca, EcuadorCentro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas , Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, RJ 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINFN Sezione di Bari and Politecnico di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, ItalyInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , Via Brera 28, 20121 Milano, ItalyDepartament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona , IEEC-UB, Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz , ul. Pomorska 149-153, 90-236 Lodz, PolandINAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna , Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA) Augusto Righi, Università di Bologna , via Gobetti 93/2, I-40129 Bologna, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna , Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyLamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence , 44227 Dortmund, GermanyINFN Sezione di Trieste and Università degli studi di Udine , via delle scienze 206, 33100 Udine, ItalyUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandINAF—Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS) , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, ItalyUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyAix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceINFN Sezione di Bari and Università di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanINFN Sezione di Torino , Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica—Universitá degli Studi di Torino , Via Pietro Giuria 1—10125 Torino, ItalyInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyPalacky University Olomouc , Faculty of Science, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech RepublicDipartimento di Fisica e Chimica “E. Segrè” Università degli Studi di Palermo , via delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; INFN Sezione di Catania , Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, ItalyCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainAix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandINAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna , Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyIRFU , CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât 141, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceINFN Sezione di Napoli , Via Cintia, ed. G, 80126 Napoli, ItalyCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainPort d’Informació Científica , Edifici D, Carrer de l’Albareda, 08193 Bellaterrra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), SpainUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandINFN Sezione di Trieste and Università degli studi di Udine , via delle scienze 206, 33100 Udine, ItalyUniversity of Alcalá UAH , Departamento de Physics and Mathematics, Pza. San Diego, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainINFN Sezione di Torino , Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, ItalyINFN Sezione di Bari and Politecnico di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, ItalyCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainINAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna , Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyINFN Sezione di Torino , Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, ItalyINFN Sezione di Bari and Università di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyINFN Sezione di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, ItalyDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyUniversity of Rijeka , Department of Physics, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, CroatiaINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyInstitute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universität Würzburg , Campus Hubland Nord, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074 Würzburg, GermanyINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyInstitute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universität Würzburg , Campus Hubland Nord, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyAix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, SpainDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , FI-20014, FinlandINFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza , P.le Aldo Moro, 2—00185 Rome, ItalyUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France; ILANCE, CNRS—University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa City, Chiba 277-8582, JapanINAF—Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS) , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, ItalyInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyPhysics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8526, JapanINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainINFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyINFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyCentro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas , Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, RJ 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilINFN Sezione di Bari and Politecnico di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, ItalyINFN Sezione di Bari and Università di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyUniversity of Split , FESB, R. Boškovića 32, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Yamagata University , 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata-shi, 990-8560, JapanInstitute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universität Würzburg , Campus Hubland Nord, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074 Würzburg, GermanyInstitut für Theoretische Physik , Lehrstuhl IV: Plasma-Astroteilchenphysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, GermanyInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyPhysics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8526, JapanCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Sendai College, National Institute of Technology , 4-16-1 Ayashi-Chuo, Aoba-ku, Sendai city, Miyagi 989-3128, JapanMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanAix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceUniversität Hamburg , Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, GermanyAix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FrancePalacky University Olomouc , Faculty of Science, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech RepublicJosip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek , Department of Physics, Trg Ljudevita Gaja 6, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Department of Astronomy and Space Science, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaINFN Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche—Università degli Studi dell’Aquila and Gran Sasso Science Institute , Via Vetoio 1, Viale Crispi 7, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyPhysics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8526, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Chiba University , 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, JapanKitashirakawa Oiwakecho , Sakyo Ward, Kyoto, 606-8502, JapanINFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza , P.le Aldo Moro, 2—00185 Rome, ItalyInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanINFN Sezione di Napoli , Via Cintia, ed. G, 80126 Napoli, ItalyINFN Sezione di Trieste and Università degli studi di Udine , via delle scienze 206, 33100 Udine, ItalyMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainFZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech RepublicInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Sendai College, National Institute of Technology , 4-16-1 Ayashi-Chuo, Aoba-ku, Sendai city, Miyagi 989-3128, JapanLaboratory for High Energy Physics , École Polytechnique Fédérale, CH-1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandAstronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Bocni II 1401—14100 Prague, Czech RepublicFaculty of Science, Ibaraki University , 2 Chome-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0056, JapanInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain; Sorbonne Université , CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, LPNHE, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, FranceGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , 255 Simo-Ohkubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama city, Saitama 338-8570, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute of Particle and Nuclear Studies , KEK (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, 305-0801, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, SpainInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanDepartment of Physics, Tokai University , 4-1-1, Kita-Kaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, JapanUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINFN Sezione di Trieste and Universitá degli Studi di Trieste , Via Valerio 2 I, 34127 Trieste, ItalyInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, SpainIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainINFN Sezione di Bari and Università di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyUniversity of Alcalá UAH , Departamento de Physics and Mathematics, Pza. San Diego, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINFN Sezione di Trieste and Universitá degli Studi di Trieste , Via Valerio 2 I, 34127 Trieste, ItalyEscuela Politécnica Superior de Jaén, Universidad de Jaén , Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Edif. A3, 23071 Jaén, SpainInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics , Sector 1, AF Block, Bidhan Nagar, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, IndiaInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy , Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 boul. Tsarigradsko chaussee, 1784 Sofia, BulgariaDipartimento di Fisica e Chimica “E. Segrè” Università degli Studi di Palermo , via delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; INFN Sezione di Catania , Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, ItalyFZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech RepublicUniversity of Rijeka , Department of Physics, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, CroatiaINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINFN Sezione di Catania , Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, ItalyInstitute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universität Würzburg , Campus Hubland Nord, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074 Würzburg, GermanyINAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna , Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA) Augusto Righi, Università di Bologna , via Gobetti 93/2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University , Kinard Lab of Physics, Clemson, SC 29634, USAINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainDipartimento di Fisica e Chimica “E. Segrè” Università degli Studi di Palermo , via delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; INFN Sezione di Catania , Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, ItalyEscuela Politécnica Superior de Jaén, Universidad de Jaén , Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Edif. A3, 23071 Jaén, SpainGrupo de Electronica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Max-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, SpainINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), and Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), and Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n 08193 Bellatera, SpainINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainGrupo de Electronica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Konan University , 8-9-1 Okamoto, Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8501, JapanPhysics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8526, JapanInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, SpainGrupo de Electronica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainINFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainSchool of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University , Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8555, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanRIKEN , Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, JapanDepartment of Physics, Yamagata University , 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata-shi, 990-8560, JapanLaboratory for High Energy Physics , École Polytechnique Fédérale, CH-1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandIPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Plaza de Ciencias, 1. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyDepartment of Physics, Tokai University , 4-1-1, Kita-Kaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Chiba University , 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, JapanCharles University , Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech RepublicCharles University , Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech RepublicMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanDivision of Physics and Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, JapanInstitute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute (KMI) for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, JapanGraduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University , 2-1 Minamijosanjima, Tokushima, 770-8506, JapanINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, SpainINFN Sezione di Pisa , Edificio C—Polo Fibonacci, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna , Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyINFN Sezione di Bari and Politecnico di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, ItalyINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyDepartament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona , IEEC-UB, Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, SpainPalacky University Olomouc , Faculty of Science, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic; FZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech RepublicInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyInstitute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universität Würzburg , Campus Hubland Nord, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074 Würzburg, GermanyINFN Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche—Università degli Studi dell’Aquila and Gran Sasso Science Institute , Via Vetoio 1, Viale Crispi 7, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyDepartament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona , IEEC-UB, Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, SpainMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyCIEMAT , Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyFZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech RepublicINFN Sezione di Bari and Università di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyDepartament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona , IEEC-UB, Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, SpainINFN Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche—Università degli Studi dell’Aquila and Gran Sasso Science Institute , Via Vetoio 1, Viale Crispi 7, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyINFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyUniversity of Alcalá UAH , Departamento de Physics and Mathematics, Pza. San Diego, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , Via Brera 28, 20121 Milano, ItalyPhysics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8526, JapanINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Gifu University , Faculty of Engineering, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanUniversity of Split , FESB, R. Boškovića 32, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University , Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, JapanINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyLaboratory for High Energy Physics , École Polytechnique Fédérale, CH-1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandINFN Sezione di Bari and Università di Bari , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyInstitute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universität Würzburg , Campus Hubland Nord, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074 Würzburg, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyDepartment of Physics, TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyIRFU , CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât 141, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyInstitut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainInstitute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universität Würzburg , Campus Hubland Nord, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074 Würzburg, GermanyINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, Italy; Macroarea di Scienze MMFFNN, Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyFaculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz , ul. Pomorska 149-153, 90-236 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Chemin d’Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyJosip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek , Department of Physics, Trg Ljudevita Gaja 6, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanPhysics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8526, JapanINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, Italy; Macroarea di Scienze MMFFNN, Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyInstitute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, JapanInstitute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanDepartment of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University , Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, JapanGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , 255 Simo-Ohkubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama city, Saitama 338-8570, JapanFZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech RepublicInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy , Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 boul. Tsarigradsko chaussee, 1784 Sofia, BulgariaGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , 255 Simo-Ohkubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama city, Saitama 338-8570, JapanDivision of Physics and Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, JapanUniversity of Rijeka , Department of Physics, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, CroatiaInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Max-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyUniversität Hamburg , Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Yamagata University , 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata-shi, 990-8560, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), and Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), and Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n 08193 Bellatera, SpainINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyFZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Praha 8, Czech RepublicINFN Sezione di Catania , Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, 00040, Monteporzio Catone, ItalyPalacky University Olomouc , Faculty of Science, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech RepublicMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , C. Vía Láctea, s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , Via Brera 28, 20121 Milano, ItalyINFN and Università degli Studi di Siena , Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA), Sezione di Fisica, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, ItalyINFN Sezione di Padova and Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyINFN Sezione di Trieste and Università degli studi di Udine , via delle scienze 206, 33100 Udine, ItalyINFN Sezione di Torino , Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica—Universitá degli Studi di Torino , Via Pietro Giuria 1—10125 Torino, ItalyINFN Sezione di Torino , Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica—Universitá degli Studi di Torino , Via Pietro Giuria 1—10125 Torino, ItalyINFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandUniversity of Geneva—Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire , 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanUniv. Savoie Mont Blanc , CNRS, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules—IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, FranceDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Chemin d’Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanMax-Planck-Institut für Physik , Boltzmannstraße 8, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyFaculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz , ul. Pomorska 149-153, 90-236 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Physics, Konan University , 8-9-1 Okamoto, Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8501, JapanDepartment of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University , Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, JapanDepartment of Physics, Tokai University , 4-1-1, Kita-Kaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanFaculty of Science, Ibaraki University , 2 Chome-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0056, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), and Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), and Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n 08193 Bellatera, SpainGRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed to date. Extensive observations of its afterglow emission across the electromagnetic spectrum were performed, providing the first strong evidence of a jet with a nontrivial angular structure in a long GRB. We carried out an extensive observation campaign in very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays with the first Large-Sized Telescope of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory starting on 2022 October 10, about 1 day after the burst. A dedicated analysis of the GRB 221009A data is performed to account for the different moonlight conditions under which data were recorded. We find an excess of gamma-like events with a statistical significance of 4.1 σ during the observations taken 1.33 days after the burst, followed by background-compatible results for the later days. The results are compared with various models of afterglows from structured jets that are consistent with the published multiwavelength data but entail significant quantitative and qualitative differences in the VHE emission after 1 day. We disfavor models that imply VHE flux at 1 day considerably above 10 ^−11 erg cm ^−2 s ^−1 . Our late-time VHE observations can help disentangle the degeneracy among the models and provide valuable new insight into the structure of GRB jets.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ade4cfGamma-ray burstsTransient sourcesNon-thermal radiation sources
spellingShingle	K. Abe S. Abe A. Abhishek F. Acero A. Aguasca-Cabot I. Agudo C. Alispach D. Ambrosino F. Ambrosino L. A. Antonelli C. Aramo A. Arbet-Engels C. Arcaro T. T. H. Arnesen K. Asano P. Aubert A. Baktash M. Balbo A. Bamba A. Baquero Larriva U. Barres de Almeida J. A. Barrio L. Barrios Jiménez I. Batkovic J. Baxter J. Becerra González E. Bernardini J. Bernete A. Berti I. Bezshyiko C. Bigongiari E. Bissaldi O. Blanch G. Bonnoli P. Bordas G. Borkowski G. Brunelli A. Bulgarelli M. Bunse I. Burelli L. Burmistrov M. Cardillo S. Caroff A. Carosi R. Carraro M. S. Carrasco F. Cassol D. Cerasole G. Ceribella A. Cerviño Cortínez Y. Chai K. Cheng A. Chiavassa M. Chikawa G. Chon L. Chytka G. M. Cicciari A. Cifuentes J. L. Contreras J. Cortina H. Costantini M. Dalchenko P. Da Vela F. Dazzi A. De Angelis M. de Bony de Lavergne R. Del Burgo C. Delgado J. Delgado Mengual M. Dellaiera D. della Volpe B. De Lotto L. Del Peral R. de Menezes G. De Palma C. Díaz A. Di Piano F. Di Pierro R. Di Tria L. Di Venere R. M. Dominik D. Dominis Prester A. Donini D. Dorner M. Doro L. Eisenberger D. Elsässer G. Emery J. Escudero V. Fallah Ramazani F. Ferrarotto A. Fiasson L. Foffano F. Frías García-Lago S. Fröse Y. Fukazawa S. Gallozzi R. Garcia López S. Garcia Soto C. Gasbarra D. Gasparrini D. Geyer J. Giesbrecht Paiva N. Giglietto F. Giordano N. Godinovic T. Gradetzke R. Grau D. Green J. Green S. Gunji P. Günther J. Hackfeld D. Hadasch A. Hahn M. Hashizume T. Hassan K. Hayashi L. Heckmann M. Heller J. Herrera Llorente K. Hirotani D. Hoffmann D. Horns J. Houles M. Hrabovsky D. Hrupec D. Hui M. Iarlori R. Imazawa T. Inada Y. Inome S. Inoue K. Ioka M. Iori T. Itokawa A. Iuliano J. Jahanvi I. Jimenez Martinez J. Jimenez Quiles I. Jorge Rodrigo J. Jurysek M. Kagaya O. Kalashev V. Karas H. Katagiri D. Kerszberg T. Kiyomot Y. Kobayashi K. Kohri A. Kong P. Kornecki H. Kubo J. Kushida B. Lacave M. Lainez G. Lamanna A. Lamastra L. Lemoigne M. Linhoff S. Lombardi F. Longo R. López-Coto M. López-Moya A. López-Oramas S. Loporchio A. Lorini J. Lozano Bahilo F. Lucarelli H. Luciani P. L. Luque-Escamilla P. Majumdar M. Makariev M. Mallamaci D. Mandat M. Manganaro D. K. Maniadakis G. Manicò K. Mannheim S. Marchesi F. Marini M. Mariotti P. Marquez G. Marsella J. Martí O. Martinez G. Martínez M. Martínez A. Mas-Aguilar M. Massa G. Maurin D. Mazin J. Méndez-Gallego S. Menon E. Mestre Guillen D. Miceli T. Miener J. M. Miranda R. Mirzoyan M. Mizote T. Mizuno M. Molero Gonzalez E. Molina T. Montaruli A. Moralejo D. Morcuende A. Moreno Ramos A. Morselli V. Moya H. Muraishi K. Murase S. Nagataki T. Nakamori A. Neronov D. Nieto Castaño M. Nievas Rosillo L. Nikolic K. Nishijima K. Noda D. Nosek V. Novotny S. Nozaki M. Ohishi Y. Ohtani T. Oka A. Okumura R. Orito L. Orsini J. Otero-Santos P. Ottanelli M. Palatiello G. Panebianco D. Paneque F. R. Pantaleo R. Paoletti J. M. Paredes M. Pech M. Pecimotika M. Peresano F. Pfeifle E. Pietropaolo M. Pihet G. Pirola C. Plard F. Podobnik M. Polo E. Prandini M. Prouza S. Rainò R. Rando W. Rhode M. Ribó V. Rizi G. Rodriguez Fernandez M. D. Rodríguez Frías P. Romano A. Roy A. Ruina E. Ruiz-Velasco T. Saito S. Sakurai D. A. Sanchez H. Sano T. Šarić Y. Sato F. G. Saturni V. Savchenko F. Schiavone B. Schleicher F. Schmuckermaier J. L. Schubert F. Schussler T. Schweizer M. Seglar Arroyo T. Siegert G. Silvestri A. Simongini J. Sitarek V. Sliusar A. Stamerra J. Strišković M. Strzys Y. Suda A. Sunny H. Tajima M. Takahashi J. Takata R. Takeishi P. H. T. Tam S. J. Tanaka D. Tateishi T. Tavernier P. Temnikov Y. Terada K. Terauchi T. Terzic M. Teshima M. Tluczykont F. Tokanai T. Tomura D. F. Torres F. Tramonti P. Travnicek G. Tripodo A. Tutone M. Vacula J. van Scherpenberg M. Vázquez Acosta S. Ventura S. Vercellone G. Verna I. Viale A. Vigliano C. F. Vigorito E. Visentin V. Vitale V. Voitsekhovskyi G. Voutsinas I. Vovk T. Vuillaume R. Walter L. Wan M. Will J. Wójtowicz T. Yamamoto R. Yamazaki Y. Yao P. K. H. Yeung T. Yoshida T. Yoshikoshi W. Zhang (The CTAO-LST Collaboration) GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts The Astrophysical Journal Letters Gamma-ray bursts Transient sources Non-thermal radiation sources
title	GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
title_full	GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
title_fullStr	GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
title_full_unstemmed	GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
title_short	GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
title_sort	grb 221009a observations with lst 1 of ctao and implications for structured jets in long gamma ray bursts
topic	Gamma-ray bursts Transient sources Non-thermal radiation sources
url	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ade4cf
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grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ffriasgarcialago grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sfrose grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT yfukazawa grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sgallozzi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rgarcialopez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sgarciasoto grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT cgasbarra grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dgasparrini grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dgeyer grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jgiesbrechtpaiva grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ngiglietto grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fgiordano grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ngodinovic grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tgradetzke grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rgrau grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dgreen grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jgreen grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sgunji grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT pgunther grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jhackfeld grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dhadasch grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ahahn grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mhashizume grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT thassan grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT khayashi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT lheckmann grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mheller grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jherrerallorente grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT khirotani grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dhoffmann grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dhorns grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jhoules grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mhrabovsky grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dhrupec grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dhui grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT miarlori grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rimazawa grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tinada grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT yinome grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sinoue grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT kioka grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT miori grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT titokawa grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT aiuliano grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jjahanvi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ijimenezmartinez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jjimenezquiles grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ijorgerodrigo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jjurysek grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mkagaya grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT okalashev grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vkaras grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT hkatagiri grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dkerszberg grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tkiyomot grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ykobayashi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT kkohri grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT akong grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT pkornecki grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT hkubo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jkushida grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT blacave grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mlainez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT glamanna grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT alamastra grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT llemoigne grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mlinhoff grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT slombardi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT flongo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rlopezcoto grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mlopezmoya grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT alopezoramas grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sloporchio grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT alorini grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jlozanobahilo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT flucarelli grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT hluciani grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT plluqueescamilla grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT pmajumdar grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmakariev grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmallamaci grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dmandat grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmanganaro grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dkmaniadakis grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gmanico grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT kmannheim grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT smarchesi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fmarini grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmariotti grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT pmarquez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gmarsella grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jmarti grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT omartinez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gmartinez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmartinez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT amasaguilar grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmassa grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gmaurin grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dmazin grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jmendezgallego grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT smenon grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT emestreguillen grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dmiceli grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tmiener grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jmmiranda grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rmirzoyan grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmizote grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tmizuno grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mmolerogonzalez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT emolina grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tmontaruli grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT amoralejo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dmorcuende grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT amorenoramos grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT amorselli grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vmoya grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT hmuraishi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT kmurase grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT snagataki grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tnakamori grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT aneronov grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dnietocastano grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mnievasrosillo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT lnikolic grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT knishijima grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT knoda grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dnosek grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vnovotny grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT snozaki grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mohishi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT yohtani grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT toka grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT aokumura grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rorito grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT lorsini grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT joterosantos grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT pottanelli grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mpalatiello grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gpanebianco grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dpaneque grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT frpantaleo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rpaoletti grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jmparedes grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mpech grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mpecimotika grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mperesano grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fpfeifle grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT epietropaolo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mpihet grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gpirola grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT cplard grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fpodobnik grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mpolo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT eprandini grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mprouza grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sraino grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rrando grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT wrhode grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mribo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vrizi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT grodriguezfernandez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mdrodriguezfrias grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT promano grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT aroy grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT aruina grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT eruizvelasco grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tsaito grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ssakurai grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dasanchez grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT hsano grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tsaric grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ysato grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fgsaturni grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vsavchenko grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fschiavone grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT bschleicher grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fschmuckermaier grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jlschubert grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT fschussler grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tschweizer grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mseglararroyo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tsiegert grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gsilvestri grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT asimongini grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jsitarek grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vsliusar grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT astamerra grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jstriskovic grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mstrzys grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ysuda grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT asunny grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT htajima grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mtakahashi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jtakata grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rtakeishi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT phttam grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sjtanaka grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dtateishi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ttavernier grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ptemnikov grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT yterada grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT kterauchi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tterzic grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mteshima grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mtluczykont grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ftokanai grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ttomura grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT dftorres grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ftramonti grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ptravnicek grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gtripodo grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT atutone grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mvacula grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jvanscherpenberg grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mvazquezacosta grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT sventura grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT svercellone grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gverna grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT iviale grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT avigliano grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT cfvigorito grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT evisentin grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vvitale grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT vvoitsekhovskyi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT gvoutsinas grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ivovk grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tvuillaume grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT rwalter grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT lwan grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT mwill grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT jwojtowicz grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tyamamoto grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT ryamazaki grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT yyao grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT pkhyeung grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tyoshida grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT tyoshikoshi grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT wzhang grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts AT thectaolstcollaboration grb221009aobservationswithlst1ofctaoandimplicationsforstructuredjetsinlonggammaraybursts

GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts

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