Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria
The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in livestock production is of increasing concern due to the threat of antimicrobial resistance in both humans and animals. Much emphasis has been placed on intensively managed poultry production systems, which routinely use antimicrobials as against smallhold...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7746144 |
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| author | Oladeji Bamidele Tunde A. Amole Oluwafikayo A. Oyewale Olayinka O. Bamidele Abdulmojeed Yakubu Uduak E. Ogundu Folasade O. Ajayi Waheed A. Hassan |
| author_facet | Oladeji Bamidele Tunde A. Amole Oluwafikayo A. Oyewale Olayinka O. Bamidele Abdulmojeed Yakubu Uduak E. Ogundu Folasade O. Ajayi Waheed A. Hassan |
| author_sort | Oladeji Bamidele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in livestock production is of increasing concern due to the threat of antimicrobial resistance in both humans and animals. Much emphasis has been placed on intensively managed poultry production systems, which routinely use antimicrobials as against smallholder poultry production systems (SPPS). Therefore, this study investigated the use of antimicrobials among smallholder poultry farmers in Nigeria, and compared the prevalence of antimicrobial drug use against the practice of ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM). A cross-sectional study was conducted in five states (agroecologies) of Nigeria using structured questionnaires administered on a total of 350 farmers. The practice of EVM was prevalent among most of the farmers (39%). The western method (pharmaceuticals) was practiced by a large proportion of farmers (60%), either solely (25%) or in combination with EVM (35%). Antimicrobials were used primarily for treatment and prevention of diseases (78%). Semi-scavenging system of production had the highest proportion (49%) of farmers using antimicrobials, compared to semi-intensive (37%) and scavenging (14%) systems. Gender (χ2 = 9.30, p = 0.01), and location (χ2 = 216.86, p ≤ 0.001), influenced farmers’ choice of methods for bird treatment. Education (odds ratio [OR] odds ratio [OR] 3.06, 95% CI 2.10–4.44), income (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.10–3.59) and management system (OR 1.97, CI% 1.1–3.45) were most associated with antimicrobial use. Critically important antibiotics, with lower to higher risk of antimicrobial resistance, were used by farmers (40%). These findings showed the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials by farmers and the potential risk of antimicrobial resistance within the SPPS in Nigeria. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1cf5a571d04e4ae987b4a54fe80e0609 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2042-0048 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine International |
| spelling | doaj-art-1cf5a571d04e4ae987b4a54fe80e06092025-02-03T06:13:36ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine International2042-00482022-01-01202210.1155/2022/7746144Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in NigeriaOladeji Bamidele0Tunde A. Amole1Oluwafikayo A. Oyewale2Olayinka O. Bamidele3Abdulmojeed Yakubu4Uduak E. Ogundu5Folasade O. Ajayi6Waheed A. Hassan7International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious DiseasesFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Animal ScienceDepartment of Animal Science and TechnologyDepartment of Animal ScienceDepartment of Animal ScienceThe indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in livestock production is of increasing concern due to the threat of antimicrobial resistance in both humans and animals. Much emphasis has been placed on intensively managed poultry production systems, which routinely use antimicrobials as against smallholder poultry production systems (SPPS). Therefore, this study investigated the use of antimicrobials among smallholder poultry farmers in Nigeria, and compared the prevalence of antimicrobial drug use against the practice of ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM). A cross-sectional study was conducted in five states (agroecologies) of Nigeria using structured questionnaires administered on a total of 350 farmers. The practice of EVM was prevalent among most of the farmers (39%). The western method (pharmaceuticals) was practiced by a large proportion of farmers (60%), either solely (25%) or in combination with EVM (35%). Antimicrobials were used primarily for treatment and prevention of diseases (78%). Semi-scavenging system of production had the highest proportion (49%) of farmers using antimicrobials, compared to semi-intensive (37%) and scavenging (14%) systems. Gender (χ2 = 9.30, p = 0.01), and location (χ2 = 216.86, p ≤ 0.001), influenced farmers’ choice of methods for bird treatment. Education (odds ratio [OR] odds ratio [OR] 3.06, 95% CI 2.10–4.44), income (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.10–3.59) and management system (OR 1.97, CI% 1.1–3.45) were most associated with antimicrobial use. Critically important antibiotics, with lower to higher risk of antimicrobial resistance, were used by farmers (40%). These findings showed the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials by farmers and the potential risk of antimicrobial resistance within the SPPS in Nigeria.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7746144 |
| spellingShingle | Oladeji Bamidele Tunde A. Amole Oluwafikayo A. Oyewale Olayinka O. Bamidele Abdulmojeed Yakubu Uduak E. Ogundu Folasade O. Ajayi Waheed A. Hassan Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria Veterinary Medicine International |
| title | Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Poultry Production in Nigeria |
| title_sort | antimicrobial usage in smallholder poultry production in nigeria |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7746144 |
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