Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and Infections
In this study, we investigated the interactions between <i>Candida auris</i> and <i>C. albicans</i>, <i>C. tropicalis</i>, <i>C. glabrata</i>, and <i>C. krusei</i> in mixed infections. Initially, these interactions were studied qualitativel...
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| author | Monika Janeczko Tomasz Skrzypek |
| author_facet | Monika Janeczko Tomasz Skrzypek |
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| description | In this study, we investigated the interactions between <i>Candida auris</i> and <i>C. albicans</i>, <i>C. tropicalis</i>, <i>C. glabrata</i>, and <i>C. krusei</i> in mixed infections. Initially, these interactions were studied qualitatively and quantitatively in dual-species biofilms formed in vitro. The MTT assays, determination of the total CFU/mL, and SEM analysis showed that <i>C. auris</i> interacted differentially with the other <i>Candida</i> spp. during the dual-species biofilm formation. Depending on the stage of the biofilm development, <i>C. auris</i> was found to be a particularly dominant species during its interaction with the <i>C. krusei</i> biofilms but significantly submissive in the <i>C. auris-C. albicans</i> biofilms. These studies were then extended to in vivo host models of experimental candidiasis. <i>G. mellonella</i> larvae were inoculated with monotypic and heterotypic suspensions of <i>Candida</i>. The survival rates and quantification of fungal cells in the hemolymph showed that the highest mortality was exhibited by larvae in the <i>C. auris-C. albicans</i> co-infection (100% mortality after 36 h). The CFU/mL values of <i>C. auris</i> from the larval hemolymph were lower in the interactive groups compared to the mono-species group. As a newly emerging species, <i>C. auris</i> persists in environments in the presence of other <i>Candida</i> species and is involved in both competitive and noncompetitive interactions with other <i>Candida</i> species during biofilm formation and development of experimental candidiasis. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-1ccbaeb3cbca479f836cc40e004f7c5a2025-01-24T13:44:41ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-01-011414010.3390/pathogens14010040Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and InfectionsMonika Janeczko0Tomasz Skrzypek1Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1i, 20-708 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Biomedicine and Environmental Research, Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1j, 20-708 Lublin, PolandIn this study, we investigated the interactions between <i>Candida auris</i> and <i>C. albicans</i>, <i>C. tropicalis</i>, <i>C. glabrata</i>, and <i>C. krusei</i> in mixed infections. Initially, these interactions were studied qualitatively and quantitatively in dual-species biofilms formed in vitro. The MTT assays, determination of the total CFU/mL, and SEM analysis showed that <i>C. auris</i> interacted differentially with the other <i>Candida</i> spp. during the dual-species biofilm formation. Depending on the stage of the biofilm development, <i>C. auris</i> was found to be a particularly dominant species during its interaction with the <i>C. krusei</i> biofilms but significantly submissive in the <i>C. auris-C. albicans</i> biofilms. These studies were then extended to in vivo host models of experimental candidiasis. <i>G. mellonella</i> larvae were inoculated with monotypic and heterotypic suspensions of <i>Candida</i>. The survival rates and quantification of fungal cells in the hemolymph showed that the highest mortality was exhibited by larvae in the <i>C. auris-C. albicans</i> co-infection (100% mortality after 36 h). The CFU/mL values of <i>C. auris</i> from the larval hemolymph were lower in the interactive groups compared to the mono-species group. As a newly emerging species, <i>C. auris</i> persists in environments in the presence of other <i>Candida</i> species and is involved in both competitive and noncompetitive interactions with other <i>Candida</i> species during biofilm formation and development of experimental candidiasis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/40dual-species biofilmcandidiasis<i>Galleria mellonela</i>hyphaemixed infectionSEM |
| spellingShingle | Monika Janeczko Tomasz Skrzypek Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and Infections Pathogens dual-species biofilm candidiasis <i>Galleria mellonela</i> hyphae mixed infection SEM |
| title | Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and Infections |
| title_full | Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and Infections |
| title_fullStr | Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and Infections |
| title_short | Relationships Between <i>Candida auris</i> and the Rest of the <i>Candida</i> World—Analysis of Dual-Species Biofilms and Infections |
| title_sort | relationships between i candida auris i and the rest of the i candida i world analysis of dual species biofilms and infections |
| topic | dual-species biofilm candidiasis <i>Galleria mellonela</i> hyphae mixed infection SEM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/40 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT monikajaneczko relationshipsbetweenicandidaaurisiandtherestoftheicandidaiworldanalysisofdualspeciesbiofilmsandinfections AT tomaszskrzypek relationshipsbetweenicandidaaurisiandtherestoftheicandidaiworldanalysisofdualspeciesbiofilmsandinfections |