Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Droughts are long-term natural disasters and encompass many unknown factors. Herein, yearly and seasonal standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) values were calculated by analyzing monthly temperature and precipitation data from 1971 to 2020. A cloud model was employed to obtain t...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| author | Sinan Wang Henglu Miao Yingjie Wu Wei Li Mingyang Li |
| author_facet | Sinan Wang Henglu Miao Yingjie Wu Wei Li Mingyang Li |
| author_sort | Sinan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Droughts are long-term natural disasters and encompass many unknown factors. Herein, yearly and seasonal standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) values were calculated by analyzing monthly temperature and precipitation data from 1971 to 2020. A cloud model was employed to obtain the spatiotemporal variations in the yearly distribution of drought weather. The cross-wavelet transform results revealed the relationship between the SPEI and atmospheric circulations. The results indicated that the average reduction rates of the SPEI-3 and SPEI-12 in Yinshanbeilu were 0.091 and 0.065 yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and the annual drought occurrence frequency reached 30.37%. The annual station ratio and drought intensity showed increasing trends, whereas the degree of drought slightly decreased. The overall drought conditions indicated an increasing trend, the entropy (E<sub>n</sub>) and hyper entropy (H<sub>e</sub>) values demonstrated increasing trends, and the expectation (E<sub>x</sub>) showed a downward trend. The fuzziness and randomness of the drought distribution were relatively low, and the certainty of drought was relatively easy to measure. The variation in the drought distribution was relatively low. There were resonance cycles between the SPEI and various teleconnection factors. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibited greater resonance interactions with the SPEI than did other teleconnection factors. The cloud model exhibits satisfactory application prospects in Yinshanbeilu and provides a systematic basis for early warning, prevention, and reduction in drought disasters in this region. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-1cb6405f698240dfb95598597c9cb4092025-01-24T13:16:24ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-12-011512410.3390/agronomy15010024Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, ChinaSinan Wang0Henglu Miao1Yingjie Wu2Wei Li3Mingyang Li4Institute of Water Resources of Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, ChinaInstitute of Water Resources of Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, ChinaInstitute of Water Resources of Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, ChinaInstitute of Water Resources of Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, ChinaDroughts are long-term natural disasters and encompass many unknown factors. Herein, yearly and seasonal standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) values were calculated by analyzing monthly temperature and precipitation data from 1971 to 2020. A cloud model was employed to obtain the spatiotemporal variations in the yearly distribution of drought weather. The cross-wavelet transform results revealed the relationship between the SPEI and atmospheric circulations. The results indicated that the average reduction rates of the SPEI-3 and SPEI-12 in Yinshanbeilu were 0.091 and 0.065 yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and the annual drought occurrence frequency reached 30.37%. The annual station ratio and drought intensity showed increasing trends, whereas the degree of drought slightly decreased. The overall drought conditions indicated an increasing trend, the entropy (E<sub>n</sub>) and hyper entropy (H<sub>e</sub>) values demonstrated increasing trends, and the expectation (E<sub>x</sub>) showed a downward trend. The fuzziness and randomness of the drought distribution were relatively low, and the certainty of drought was relatively easy to measure. The variation in the drought distribution was relatively low. There were resonance cycles between the SPEI and various teleconnection factors. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibited greater resonance interactions with the SPEI than did other teleconnection factors. The cloud model exhibits satisfactory application prospects in Yinshanbeilu and provides a systematic basis for early warning, prevention, and reduction in drought disasters in this region.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/24SPEIdrought frequencydrought intensitydrought eventcross-wavelet analysis |
| spellingShingle | Sinan Wang Henglu Miao Yingjie Wu Wei Li Mingyang Li Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Agronomy SPEI drought frequency drought intensity drought event cross-wavelet analysis |
| title | Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
| title_full | Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
| title_fullStr | Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
| title_short | Study of Drought Characteristics and Atmospheric Circulation Mechanisms via a “Cloud Model”, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
| title_sort | study of drought characteristics and atmospheric circulation mechanisms via a cloud model inner mongolia autonomous region china |
| topic | SPEI drought frequency drought intensity drought event cross-wavelet analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/24 |
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