A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy

BackgroundMovement disorders such as cerebral palsy (CP) are frequently associated with joint and muscle stiffness, often evaluated using subjective clinical methods like the Modified Ashworth Scale or Tardieu Scale. These approaches lack precision and reproducibility, particularly in preclinical mo...

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Main Authors: Preston R. Steele, Joel Feldmann, Katharina A. Quinlan, Marin Manuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1554775/full
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author Preston R. Steele
Preston R. Steele
Joel Feldmann
Joel Feldmann
Katharina A. Quinlan
Katharina A. Quinlan
Marin Manuel
Marin Manuel
author_facet Preston R. Steele
Preston R. Steele
Joel Feldmann
Joel Feldmann
Katharina A. Quinlan
Katharina A. Quinlan
Marin Manuel
Marin Manuel
author_sort Preston R. Steele
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundMovement disorders such as cerebral palsy (CP) are frequently associated with joint and muscle stiffness, often evaluated using subjective clinical methods like the Modified Ashworth Scale or Tardieu Scale. These approaches lack precision and reproducibility, particularly in preclinical models, limiting their utility in translational research.MethodsThis study presents the development of a low-cost, open-source torquemeter device tailored for use in a neonatal rabbit model of CP. The device is designed to quantify joint stiffness objectively by measuring torque across a range of controlled joint rotation speeds, a key factor in evaluating hypertonia associated with spasticity and dystonia. The construction process is straightforward, with all components being either commercially available or 3D-printable and requiring only basic assembly tools.ResultsThe torquemeter demonstrated precise, reproducible measurements of torque and joint stiffness in pilot studies, validating its applicability in preclinical settings. By eliminating subjective biases, the device provides robust data to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions targeting spasticity.ConclusionThis low-cost torquemeter offers an accessible, reliable tool for preclinical movement disorder research. Its ability to quantify limb stiffness with high precision enhances the evaluation of treatment strategies in CP models, paving the way for improved therapeutic development and outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-1c81b8f98c5846afb7880126d22b93b82025-08-20T02:32:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852025-06-011310.3389/fbioe.2025.15547751554775A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsyPreston R. Steele0Preston R. Steele1Joel Feldmann2Joel Feldmann3Katharina A. Quinlan4Katharina A. Quinlan5Marin Manuel6Marin Manuel7Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesGeorge and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesGeorge and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesGeorge and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesGeorge and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United StatesBackgroundMovement disorders such as cerebral palsy (CP) are frequently associated with joint and muscle stiffness, often evaluated using subjective clinical methods like the Modified Ashworth Scale or Tardieu Scale. These approaches lack precision and reproducibility, particularly in preclinical models, limiting their utility in translational research.MethodsThis study presents the development of a low-cost, open-source torquemeter device tailored for use in a neonatal rabbit model of CP. The device is designed to quantify joint stiffness objectively by measuring torque across a range of controlled joint rotation speeds, a key factor in evaluating hypertonia associated with spasticity and dystonia. The construction process is straightforward, with all components being either commercially available or 3D-printable and requiring only basic assembly tools.ResultsThe torquemeter demonstrated precise, reproducible measurements of torque and joint stiffness in pilot studies, validating its applicability in preclinical settings. By eliminating subjective biases, the device provides robust data to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions targeting spasticity.ConclusionThis low-cost torquemeter offers an accessible, reliable tool for preclinical movement disorder research. Its ability to quantify limb stiffness with high precision enhances the evaluation of treatment strategies in CP models, paving the way for improved therapeutic development and outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1554775/fullcerebral palsyjoint stiffnesstorquemeterspasticitydystoniapreclinical research
spellingShingle Preston R. Steele
Preston R. Steele
Joel Feldmann
Joel Feldmann
Katharina A. Quinlan
Katharina A. Quinlan
Marin Manuel
Marin Manuel
A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
cerebral palsy
joint stiffness
torquemeter
spasticity
dystonia
preclinical research
title A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy
title_full A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy
title_fullStr A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy
title_full_unstemmed A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy
title_short A low-cost, open-source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy
title_sort low cost open source device to evaluate limb stiffness in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy
topic cerebral palsy
joint stiffness
torquemeter
spasticity
dystonia
preclinical research
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1554775/full
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