Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016
Abstract Importance Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients have a 2–3 times higher cancer risk due to immunosuppressive therapy used for organ rejection, but Canadian data are limited. Understanding cancer incidence in this population is crucial for improving screening and preventive strategies. Ob...
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2025-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Cancer |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14349-9 |
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| author | Theerthika Dillibabu Claudie Laprise Belinda Nicolau Sreenath Madathil |
| author_facet | Theerthika Dillibabu Claudie Laprise Belinda Nicolau Sreenath Madathil |
| author_sort | Theerthika Dillibabu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Importance Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients have a 2–3 times higher cancer risk due to immunosuppressive therapy used for organ rejection, but Canadian data are limited. Understanding cancer incidence in this population is crucial for improving screening and preventive strategies. Objective To estimate cancer incidence among Quebec SOT recipients and compare their risk with that of the general population. Setting and design We linked two provincial administrative databases from 1997 to 2016 to conduct a retrospective cohort study. Cancer incidence rates were stratified by sex and age, and standardized risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by comparing the observed cancer cases in our study population to the expected cases in the general population using the Quebec cancer registry. Participants A total of 6,873 transplant recipients, including 4,284 kidney, 1,142 liver, 612 heart, 443 lung, and 392 other/multiple transplant recipients. Main outcome and measures The primary outcome of interest was cancer incidence. Cancer incidence rates were calculated per 1,000 person-years. The standardized risk ratio (SRR) was used to quantify cancer risk relative to the general population. Results Among 6,873 transplant recipients, 1,142 developed cancers, yielding an incidence rate of 23.5 per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 22.1–24.9). Skin cancer was the most common, followed by lymphoid, hematopoietic, and digestive cancers. The overall SRR showed a 2.6-fold higher cancer risk than in the general population. Conclusion and relevance Solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec face a higher cancer risk than the general population. A nationwide study is needed to inform health policies and improve management of this vulnerable population. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1471-2407 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | BMC Cancer |
| spelling | doaj-art-1b2a9f6439d64a8e9080f69c8e4942f12025-08-20T02:05:13ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072025-06-012511610.1186/s12885-025-14349-9Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016Theerthika Dillibabu0Claudie Laprise1Belinda Nicolau2Sreenath Madathil3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill UniversityFaculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill UniversityFaculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill UniversityFaculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill UniversityAbstract Importance Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients have a 2–3 times higher cancer risk due to immunosuppressive therapy used for organ rejection, but Canadian data are limited. Understanding cancer incidence in this population is crucial for improving screening and preventive strategies. Objective To estimate cancer incidence among Quebec SOT recipients and compare their risk with that of the general population. Setting and design We linked two provincial administrative databases from 1997 to 2016 to conduct a retrospective cohort study. Cancer incidence rates were stratified by sex and age, and standardized risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by comparing the observed cancer cases in our study population to the expected cases in the general population using the Quebec cancer registry. Participants A total of 6,873 transplant recipients, including 4,284 kidney, 1,142 liver, 612 heart, 443 lung, and 392 other/multiple transplant recipients. Main outcome and measures The primary outcome of interest was cancer incidence. Cancer incidence rates were calculated per 1,000 person-years. The standardized risk ratio (SRR) was used to quantify cancer risk relative to the general population. Results Among 6,873 transplant recipients, 1,142 developed cancers, yielding an incidence rate of 23.5 per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 22.1–24.9). Skin cancer was the most common, followed by lymphoid, hematopoietic, and digestive cancers. The overall SRR showed a 2.6-fold higher cancer risk than in the general population. Conclusion and relevance Solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec face a higher cancer risk than the general population. A nationwide study is needed to inform health policies and improve management of this vulnerable population.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14349-9CancerSolid organ transplantationAdministrative databaseCohortCanada |
| spellingShingle | Theerthika Dillibabu Claudie Laprise Belinda Nicolau Sreenath Madathil Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016 BMC Cancer Cancer Solid organ transplantation Administrative database Cohort Canada |
| title | Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016 |
| title_full | Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016 |
| title_fullStr | Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016 |
| title_short | Risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in Quebec, Canada: 1997–2016 |
| title_sort | risk of cancer among adult solid organ transplant recipients in quebec canada 1997 2016 |
| topic | Cancer Solid organ transplantation Administrative database Cohort Canada |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14349-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT theerthikadillibabu riskofcanceramongadultsolidorgantransplantrecipientsinquebeccanada19972016 AT claudielaprise riskofcanceramongadultsolidorgantransplantrecipientsinquebeccanada19972016 AT belindanicolau riskofcanceramongadultsolidorgantransplantrecipientsinquebeccanada19972016 AT sreenathmadathil riskofcanceramongadultsolidorgantransplantrecipientsinquebeccanada19972016 |