Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg Orientation
Gait analysis identifies the posture during movement in order to provide the correct actions for a normal gait. A person’s gait may differ from others and can be recognized by specific patterns. Healthy individuals exhibit normal gait patterns, while lower limb amputees exhibit abnormal g...
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2022-01-01
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| author | Muhammad Asif Muhammad A. Tayyab Muhammad H. Shahid Usama Arif Mohsin I. Tiwana Umar S. Khan Waqar S. Qureshi |
| author_facet | Muhammad Asif Muhammad A. Tayyab Muhammad H. Shahid Usama Arif Mohsin I. Tiwana Umar S. Khan Waqar S. Qureshi |
| author_sort | Muhammad Asif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gait analysis identifies the posture during movement in order to provide the correct actions for a normal gait. A person’s gait may differ from others and can be recognized by specific patterns. Healthy individuals exhibit normal gait patterns, while lower limb amputees exhibit abnormal gait patterns. To better understand the pitfalls of gait, it is imperative to develop systems capable of capturing the gait patterns of healthy individuals. In this research, spatio-temporal parameters were computed using the concepts of static and dynamic equilibrium to analyze the gait cycle. A relationship was also developed among static equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium, speed, and body states. A sensing unit was installed on the designed metal-based leg mounting assembly on the lateral side of the leg. An algorithm was proposed based on two variables: the position of the leg in space and the angle of the knee joint measured by using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor and a rotary encoder. It was acceptable to satisfy the static conditions when the body was in a fixed orientation, whether lying down or standing. While walking and running, the orientation was determined by the position and knee angle variables, which fulfill the dynamic condition. High speed reveals a rapid change in orientation, while slow speed reveals a slow change in orientation. The proposed encoder-based feedback system successfully determined the flexion at 47°, extension at 153°, and all seven gait cycle phases were recognized within this range of motion. Computed spatio-temporal parameters may help individuals avoid slipping or falling. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-197f5bf1cdde4144b7d1cd6cda5665e3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-197f5bf1cdde4144b7d1cd6cda5665e32025-01-30T00:01:12ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362022-01-011012317712318910.1109/ACCESS.2022.32228599954005Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg OrientationMuhammad Asif0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-430XMuhammad A. Tayyab1Muhammad H. Shahid2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6777-935XUsama Arif3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2929-8157Mohsin I. Tiwana4Umar S. Khan5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-1408Waqar S. Qureshi6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0176-8145Department of Mechatronics Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, PakistanNational Centre of Robotics and Automation (NCRA), College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (CEME), NUST, Islamabad, PakistanNational Centre of Robotics and Automation (NCRA), College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (CEME), NUST, Islamabad, PakistanNational Centre of Robotics and Automation (NCRA), College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (CEME), NUST, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Mechatronics Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Mechatronics Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Mechatronics Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, PakistanGait analysis identifies the posture during movement in order to provide the correct actions for a normal gait. A person’s gait may differ from others and can be recognized by specific patterns. Healthy individuals exhibit normal gait patterns, while lower limb amputees exhibit abnormal gait patterns. To better understand the pitfalls of gait, it is imperative to develop systems capable of capturing the gait patterns of healthy individuals. In this research, spatio-temporal parameters were computed using the concepts of static and dynamic equilibrium to analyze the gait cycle. A relationship was also developed among static equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium, speed, and body states. A sensing unit was installed on the designed metal-based leg mounting assembly on the lateral side of the leg. An algorithm was proposed based on two variables: the position of the leg in space and the angle of the knee joint measured by using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor and a rotary encoder. It was acceptable to satisfy the static conditions when the body was in a fixed orientation, whether lying down or standing. While walking and running, the orientation was determined by the position and knee angle variables, which fulfill the dynamic condition. High speed reveals a rapid change in orientation, while slow speed reveals a slow change in orientation. The proposed encoder-based feedback system successfully determined the flexion at 47°, extension at 153°, and all seven gait cycle phases were recognized within this range of motion. Computed spatio-temporal parameters may help individuals avoid slipping or falling.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9954005/Gait analysisIMU sensorrotary encoderspatio-temporal parametersstatic and dynamic equilibriumbody orientation |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Asif Muhammad A. Tayyab Muhammad H. Shahid Usama Arif Mohsin I. Tiwana Umar S. Khan Waqar S. Qureshi Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg Orientation IEEE Access Gait analysis IMU sensor rotary encoder spatio-temporal parameters static and dynamic equilibrium body orientation |
| title | Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg Orientation |
| title_full | Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg Orientation |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg Orientation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg Orientation |
| title_short | Analysis of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based on Leg Orientation |
| title_sort | analysis of human gait cycle with body equilibrium based on leg orientation |
| topic | Gait analysis IMU sensor rotary encoder spatio-temporal parameters static and dynamic equilibrium body orientation |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9954005/ |
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