Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Homeostasis
The laying down of memory requires strong stimulation resulting in specific changes in synaptic strength and corresponding changes in size of dendritic spines. Strong stimuli can also be pathological, causing a homeostatic response, depressing and shrinking the synapse to prevent damage from too muc...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6170509 |
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| author | Joshua J. W. Paulin Peter Haslehurst Alexander D. Fellows Wenfei Liu Joshua D. Jackson Zelah Joel Damian M. Cummings Frances A. Edwards |
| author_facet | Joshua J. W. Paulin Peter Haslehurst Alexander D. Fellows Wenfei Liu Joshua D. Jackson Zelah Joel Damian M. Cummings Frances A. Edwards |
| author_sort | Joshua J. W. Paulin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The laying down of memory requires strong stimulation resulting in specific changes in synaptic strength and corresponding changes in size of dendritic spines. Strong stimuli can also be pathological, causing a homeostatic response, depressing and shrinking the synapse to prevent damage from too much Ca2+ influx. But do all types of dendritic spines serve both of these apparently opposite functions? Using confocal microscopy in organotypic slices from mice expressing green fluorescent protein in hippocampal neurones, the size of individual spines along sections of dendrite has been tracked in response to application of tetraethylammonium. This strong stimulus would be expected to cause both a protective homeostatic response and long-term potentiation. We report separation of these functions, with spines of different sizes reacting differently to the same strong stimulus. The immediate shrinkage of large spines suggests a homeostatic protective response during the period of potential danger. In CA1, long-lasting growth of small spines subsequently occurs consolidating long-term potentiation but only after the large spines return to their original size. In contrast, small spines do not change in dentate gyrus where potentiation does not occur. The separation in time of these changes allows clear functional differentiation of spines of different sizes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1968c8857feb4f82a552d36a07e26ca0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-1968c8857feb4f82a552d36a07e26ca02025-02-03T01:22:50ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432016-01-01201610.1155/2016/61705096170509Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and HomeostasisJoshua J. W. Paulin0Peter Haslehurst1Alexander D. Fellows2Wenfei Liu3Joshua D. Jackson4Zelah Joel5Damian M. Cummings6Frances A. Edwards7Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKThe laying down of memory requires strong stimulation resulting in specific changes in synaptic strength and corresponding changes in size of dendritic spines. Strong stimuli can also be pathological, causing a homeostatic response, depressing and shrinking the synapse to prevent damage from too much Ca2+ influx. But do all types of dendritic spines serve both of these apparently opposite functions? Using confocal microscopy in organotypic slices from mice expressing green fluorescent protein in hippocampal neurones, the size of individual spines along sections of dendrite has been tracked in response to application of tetraethylammonium. This strong stimulus would be expected to cause both a protective homeostatic response and long-term potentiation. We report separation of these functions, with spines of different sizes reacting differently to the same strong stimulus. The immediate shrinkage of large spines suggests a homeostatic protective response during the period of potential danger. In CA1, long-lasting growth of small spines subsequently occurs consolidating long-term potentiation but only after the large spines return to their original size. In contrast, small spines do not change in dentate gyrus where potentiation does not occur. The separation in time of these changes allows clear functional differentiation of spines of different sizes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6170509 |
| spellingShingle | Joshua J. W. Paulin Peter Haslehurst Alexander D. Fellows Wenfei Liu Joshua D. Jackson Zelah Joel Damian M. Cummings Frances A. Edwards Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Homeostasis Neural Plasticity |
| title | Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Homeostasis |
| title_full | Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Homeostasis |
| title_fullStr | Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Homeostasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Homeostasis |
| title_short | Large and Small Dendritic Spines Serve Different Interacting Functions in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Homeostasis |
| title_sort | large and small dendritic spines serve different interacting functions in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and homeostasis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6170509 |
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