A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in Asia

Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder, also known as a subacute spongiform encephalopathy. There are three major subtypes of CJD i.e. Sporadic CJD, which occurs for reasons unbeknown to science (85% of known cases), Genetic or Familial CJD which i...

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Main Authors: Urwah Rasheed, Sana Khan, Minahil Khalid, Aneeqa Noor, Saima Zafar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Prion
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19336896.2024.2311950
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author Urwah Rasheed
Sana Khan
Minahil Khalid
Aneeqa Noor
Saima Zafar
author_facet Urwah Rasheed
Sana Khan
Minahil Khalid
Aneeqa Noor
Saima Zafar
author_sort Urwah Rasheed
collection DOAJ
description Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder, also known as a subacute spongiform encephalopathy. There are three major subtypes of CJD i.e. Sporadic CJD, which occurs for reasons unbeknown to science (85% of known cases), Genetic or Familial CJD which is characterized by the presence of mutations in the human prion protein (PRNP) gene (10–15% cases) and Iatrogenic CJD that occurs via accidental transmission through medical and surgical procedures (1–2% cases). CJD cases occur globally with 1 case per one million population/year. Considerable data is available related to the incidence and prevalence of CJD in Europe and America. However, the global surveillance database is yet to include Asia even though several Asian countries have their own CJD monitoring units. sCJD is the highest among all CJD cases in Asia. China (1957) and Japan (1705) have reported more cases of sCJD than any Asian country and Hong Kong (1) has reported the least. On the other hand, gCJD is highest in Japan (370) and least in India (2). Our analysis establishes the presence of all variants of CJD across Asia. However, in most Asian countries in general and Southeast Asian countries in particular, CJD cases are misdiagnosed and often underreported. Since Asia is the most populated continent in the world, the actual global prevalence of CJD cannot be estimated until and unless these countries are accounted for. Concrete and reliable surveillance networks are needed across Asia to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of CJD in the region. [Figure: see text]The graphical abstract demonstrates the prevalence of CJD cases in the world and systematically analyses the incidence of CJD in Asian countries between the year 1986–2022. Highest number of cases were reported in Japan followed by China. The study emphasizes the need for assimilation of Asian data in global prevalence.
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spelling doaj-art-19076b441d4a47879bdf0dedf360bc5e2025-02-05T12:40:51ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPrion1933-68961933-690X2024-12-01181112710.1080/19336896.2024.2311950A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in AsiaUrwah Rasheed0Sana Khan1Minahil Khalid2Aneeqa Noor3Saima Zafar4Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanCreutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder, also known as a subacute spongiform encephalopathy. There are three major subtypes of CJD i.e. Sporadic CJD, which occurs for reasons unbeknown to science (85% of known cases), Genetic or Familial CJD which is characterized by the presence of mutations in the human prion protein (PRNP) gene (10–15% cases) and Iatrogenic CJD that occurs via accidental transmission through medical and surgical procedures (1–2% cases). CJD cases occur globally with 1 case per one million population/year. Considerable data is available related to the incidence and prevalence of CJD in Europe and America. However, the global surveillance database is yet to include Asia even though several Asian countries have their own CJD monitoring units. sCJD is the highest among all CJD cases in Asia. China (1957) and Japan (1705) have reported more cases of sCJD than any Asian country and Hong Kong (1) has reported the least. On the other hand, gCJD is highest in Japan (370) and least in India (2). Our analysis establishes the presence of all variants of CJD across Asia. However, in most Asian countries in general and Southeast Asian countries in particular, CJD cases are misdiagnosed and often underreported. Since Asia is the most populated continent in the world, the actual global prevalence of CJD cannot be estimated until and unless these countries are accounted for. Concrete and reliable surveillance networks are needed across Asia to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of CJD in the region. [Figure: see text]The graphical abstract demonstrates the prevalence of CJD cases in the world and systematically analyses the incidence of CJD in Asian countries between the year 1986–2022. Highest number of cases were reported in Japan followed by China. The study emphasizes the need for assimilation of Asian data in global prevalence.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19336896.2024.2311950AsiaCreutzfeldt Jakob diseasegenetic CJDgenetic prion diseaseslatrogenic CJDsporadic CJD
spellingShingle Urwah Rasheed
Sana Khan
Minahil Khalid
Aneeqa Noor
Saima Zafar
A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in Asia
Prion
Asia
Creutzfeldt Jakob disease
genetic CJD
genetic prion diseases
latrogenic CJD
sporadic CJD
title A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in Asia
title_full A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in Asia
title_fullStr A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in Asia
title_full_unstemmed A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in Asia
title_short A systemic analysis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease cases in Asia
title_sort systemic analysis of creutzfeldt jakob disease cases in asia
topic Asia
Creutzfeldt Jakob disease
genetic CJD
genetic prion diseases
latrogenic CJD
sporadic CJD
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19336896.2024.2311950
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