The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees

Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees (TOFA) refers to an intramedullary metal endoprosthesis which passes transcutaneously to connect with a limb exoprosthesis. The first recognizably modern experiments and attempts occurred in the 1940s. Multiple researchers using a plethora of materials an...

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Main Authors: Jason Shih Hoellwarth, Kevin Tetsworth, Muhammad Adeel Akhtar, Munjed Al Muderis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:Advances in Orthopedics
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7960559
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author Jason Shih Hoellwarth
Kevin Tetsworth
Muhammad Adeel Akhtar
Munjed Al Muderis
author_facet Jason Shih Hoellwarth
Kevin Tetsworth
Muhammad Adeel Akhtar
Munjed Al Muderis
author_sort Jason Shih Hoellwarth
collection DOAJ
description Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees (TOFA) refers to an intramedullary metal endoprosthesis which passes transcutaneously to connect with a limb exoprosthesis. The first recognizably modern experiments and attempts occurred in the 1940s. Multiple researchers using a plethora of materials and techniques over the following 50 years identified principles and obstacles which informed the first long-term successful surgery in 1990. Unfortunately, the current mainstream TOFA literature presents almost exclusively subsequent developments, generally omitting prior research, leading to some historical mistakes being repeated. Given the increasing interest and surgical volume of TOFA, this literature review was performed to delineate TOFA’s basic science and surgical origins and to integrate these early efforts within the contemporary understanding. Studying this research could protect and benefit future patients, surgeons, and implant developers as TOFA is entering a phase of increased attention and innovation. The aim of this article is to provide a focused reference of foundational research, much of which is difficult to identify and retrieve, for clinicians and researchers.
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spelling doaj-art-16e0c11461ab422bb3a9a9cf45194eaf2025-02-03T06:01:51ZengWileyAdvances in Orthopedics2090-34722022-01-01202210.1155/2022/7960559The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for AmputeesJason Shih Hoellwarth0Kevin Tetsworth1Muhammad Adeel Akhtar2Munjed Al Muderis3Limb Salvage and Amputee Reconstruction ServiceDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryTrauma and Orthopaedic DepartmentDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryTranscutaneous osseointegration for amputees (TOFA) refers to an intramedullary metal endoprosthesis which passes transcutaneously to connect with a limb exoprosthesis. The first recognizably modern experiments and attempts occurred in the 1940s. Multiple researchers using a plethora of materials and techniques over the following 50 years identified principles and obstacles which informed the first long-term successful surgery in 1990. Unfortunately, the current mainstream TOFA literature presents almost exclusively subsequent developments, generally omitting prior research, leading to some historical mistakes being repeated. Given the increasing interest and surgical volume of TOFA, this literature review was performed to delineate TOFA’s basic science and surgical origins and to integrate these early efforts within the contemporary understanding. Studying this research could protect and benefit future patients, surgeons, and implant developers as TOFA is entering a phase of increased attention and innovation. The aim of this article is to provide a focused reference of foundational research, much of which is difficult to identify and retrieve, for clinicians and researchers.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7960559
spellingShingle Jason Shih Hoellwarth
Kevin Tetsworth
Muhammad Adeel Akhtar
Munjed Al Muderis
The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees
Advances in Orthopedics
title The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees
title_full The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees
title_fullStr The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees
title_full_unstemmed The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees
title_short The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees
title_sort clinical history and basic science origins of transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7960559
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