Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and Application
The dynamic and heterogeneous nature of marine environments, combined with severely constrained communication and energy resources, presents distinct challenges in constructing underwater Communication, Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (CPNT) systems compared to terrestrial Positioning, Navigatio...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/6/1094 |
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| author | Lipeng Huo Mengzhuo Liu Heng Wen Zheng Peng Yusha Liu Xiaoxin Guo Jun-Hong Cui |
| author_facet | Lipeng Huo Mengzhuo Liu Heng Wen Zheng Peng Yusha Liu Xiaoxin Guo Jun-Hong Cui |
| author_sort | Lipeng Huo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The dynamic and heterogeneous nature of marine environments, combined with severely constrained communication and energy resources, presents distinct challenges in constructing underwater Communication, Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (CPNT) systems compared to terrestrial Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) architecture. To address the inherent limitations of conventional decoupled CPNT systems – including high costs and low efficiency in communication and energy utilization – this study aims to propose a unified underwater CPNT (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) system that coordinates multi-modal data and resource allocation, thereby optimizing CPNT service performance in harsh underwater conditions. In this study, Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) formalization is applied to theoretically analyze the feasibility of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> system, and the design of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> system is presented to realize the integrated design of CPNT. To validate the system performance, a real <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> system was built and sea trials were conducted. With <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> architecture, the integrated CPNT service can be provided, the positioning error is lower, the positioning continuity has improved by 7.68%, the velocity estimation error is less than 1 m/s, making <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> a potential solution for underwater CPNT service. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-16de96030f0742cc8034f8a7fca4d7a5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-16de96030f0742cc8034f8a7fca4d7a52025-08-20T03:27:29ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-05-01136109410.3390/jmse13061094Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and ApplicationLipeng Huo0Mengzhuo Liu1Heng Wen2Zheng Peng3Yusha Liu4Xiaoxin Guo5Jun-Hong Cui6College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaShenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, ChinaSchool of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaThe dynamic and heterogeneous nature of marine environments, combined with severely constrained communication and energy resources, presents distinct challenges in constructing underwater Communication, Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (CPNT) systems compared to terrestrial Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) architecture. To address the inherent limitations of conventional decoupled CPNT systems – including high costs and low efficiency in communication and energy utilization – this study aims to propose a unified underwater CPNT (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) system that coordinates multi-modal data and resource allocation, thereby optimizing CPNT service performance in harsh underwater conditions. In this study, Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) formalization is applied to theoretically analyze the feasibility of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> system, and the design of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> system is presented to realize the integrated design of CPNT. To validate the system performance, a real <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> system was built and sea trials were conducted. With <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> architecture, the integrated CPNT service can be provided, the positioning error is lower, the positioning continuity has improved by 7.68%, the velocity estimation error is less than 1 m/s, making <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>U</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> a potential solution for underwater CPNT service.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/6/1094acoustic communicationunderwater positioningnavigationtiming<i>U<sup>2</sup>CPNT</i> |
| spellingShingle | Lipeng Huo Mengzhuo Liu Heng Wen Zheng Peng Yusha Liu Xiaoxin Guo Jun-Hong Cui Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and Application Journal of Marine Science and Engineering acoustic communication underwater positioning navigation timing <i>U<sup>2</sup>CPNT</i> |
| title | Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and Application |
| title_full | Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and Application |
| title_fullStr | Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and Application |
| title_short | Unified Underwater Communication Positioning Navigation and Timing Network System Design and Application |
| title_sort | unified underwater communication positioning navigation and timing network system design and application |
| topic | acoustic communication underwater positioning navigation timing <i>U<sup>2</sup>CPNT</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/6/1094 |
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