Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch Butterflies

ABSTRACT In flower‐visiting insects, innate sensory preferences facilitate efficient foraging strategies in complex natural environments. Here we describe a nonforced choice assay to investigate innate attraction to a common nectar resource (Lantana camara) in naïve monarch butterflies (Danaus plexi...

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Main Authors: Darene A. E. Assadia, Delbert A. Green II
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-06-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71533
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author Darene A. E. Assadia
Delbert A. Green II
author_facet Darene A. E. Assadia
Delbert A. Green II
author_sort Darene A. E. Assadia
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT In flower‐visiting insects, innate sensory preferences facilitate efficient foraging strategies in complex natural environments. Here we describe a nonforced choice assay to investigate innate attraction to a common nectar resource (Lantana camara) in naïve monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus). We find that monarch butterflies have an innate attraction to L. camara in our assay. Visual cues are necessary and sufficient for sustained attraction at the tested range. However, olfactory cues increase the salience of visual cues for sustained attraction. The identities of the specific attractive visual or olfactory cues are not resolved. Altogether, this simple nonforced choice assay is suited to reveal quantitative differences in innate attraction in monarchs and, presumably, other insects.
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spelling doaj-art-161d62c2c0e04fc9a8dcab68d96aa9f92025-08-20T02:43:38ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-06-01156n/an/a10.1002/ece3.71533Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch ButterfliesDarene A. E. Assadia0Delbert A. Green II1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan—Ann Arbor Ann Arbor Michigan USADepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan—Ann Arbor Ann Arbor Michigan USAABSTRACT In flower‐visiting insects, innate sensory preferences facilitate efficient foraging strategies in complex natural environments. Here we describe a nonforced choice assay to investigate innate attraction to a common nectar resource (Lantana camara) in naïve monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus). We find that monarch butterflies have an innate attraction to L. camara in our assay. Visual cues are necessary and sufficient for sustained attraction at the tested range. However, olfactory cues increase the salience of visual cues for sustained attraction. The identities of the specific attractive visual or olfactory cues are not resolved. Altogether, this simple nonforced choice assay is suited to reveal quantitative differences in innate attraction in monarchs and, presumably, other insects.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71533migrationmonarch butterflymultimodal signalingsensory perception
spellingShingle Darene A. E. Assadia
Delbert A. Green II
Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch Butterflies
Ecology and Evolution
migration
monarch butterfly
multimodal signaling
sensory perception
title Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch Butterflies
title_full Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch Butterflies
title_fullStr Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch Butterflies
title_full_unstemmed Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch Butterflies
title_short Innate Nectar Plant Attraction Is Primarily Visually‐Guided but Olfactory‐Stimulated in North American Monarch Butterflies
title_sort innate nectar plant attraction is primarily visually guided but olfactory stimulated in north american monarch butterflies
topic migration
monarch butterfly
multimodal signaling
sensory perception
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71533
work_keys_str_mv AT dareneaeassadia innatenectarplantattractionisprimarilyvisuallyguidedbutolfactorystimulatedinnorthamericanmonarchbutterflies
AT delbertagreenii innatenectarplantattractionisprimarilyvisuallyguidedbutolfactorystimulatedinnorthamericanmonarchbutterflies