Cecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota
Abstract Animals infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae not only develop respiratory diseases, but also cause digestive diseases through the lung-gut axis mediated by the intestinal flora, and vice versa. Antimicrobial peptides are characterized by their bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, and intestinal...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04500-w |
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| author | Bowen Li Mingming Liu Wenjing Du Shuaidong Wang Zekang Xu Xiaoqian Zhang Yang Zhang Song Hua |
| author_facet | Bowen Li Mingming Liu Wenjing Du Shuaidong Wang Zekang Xu Xiaoqian Zhang Yang Zhang Song Hua |
| author_sort | Bowen Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Animals infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae not only develop respiratory diseases, but also cause digestive diseases through the lung-gut axis mediated by the intestinal flora, and vice versa. Antimicrobial peptides are characterized by their bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, and intestinal flora-regulating properties. However, the effect of cecropin AD (CAD) against mycoplasma pneumonia remains unclear. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of CAD on mycoplasma pneumonia and the associated mechanism, mice were infected with Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. Capripneumoniae(Mccp) to elicit lung inflammation, followed by oral administration of CAD via gavage. The findings showed that mice receiving twice injections of 2.08 × 108 copies of Mccp suffered significant pathological damage to their lungs and colons. Additionally, there was a notable upsurge in inflammatory factors within the affected tissues. 16 S rDNA sequencing revealed alterations in the colonic microbiota, including a decrease in the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Corynebacterium_glutamicum and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and an increase in the abundance of potential pathogens like Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Escherichia-Shigella. As a result, there were abnormal rises in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in both colonic content and blood. Moreover, CAD treatment reversed the microbial dysbiosis and decreased the LPS levels induced by Mccp, thereby suppressing the activation of the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway and the Fas/FasL-caspase-8/-3 pathway. Consequently, this significantly mitigated the morphological and functional damage to the lungs and colons caused by Mccp. The findings offer novel insights and approaches for the clinical management of Mccp infections. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-15b889f333ce4f9b82c8cdf4cde57977 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-15b889f333ce4f9b82c8cdf4cde579772025-02-02T12:29:15ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482025-01-0121111810.1186/s12917-025-04500-wCecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiotaBowen Li0Mingming Liu1Wenjing Du2Shuaidong Wang3Zekang Xu4Xiaoqian Zhang5Yang Zhang6Song Hua7Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityMianyang Habio Bioengineering Co., Ltd.Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityAbstract Animals infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae not only develop respiratory diseases, but also cause digestive diseases through the lung-gut axis mediated by the intestinal flora, and vice versa. Antimicrobial peptides are characterized by their bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, and intestinal flora-regulating properties. However, the effect of cecropin AD (CAD) against mycoplasma pneumonia remains unclear. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of CAD on mycoplasma pneumonia and the associated mechanism, mice were infected with Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. Capripneumoniae(Mccp) to elicit lung inflammation, followed by oral administration of CAD via gavage. The findings showed that mice receiving twice injections of 2.08 × 108 copies of Mccp suffered significant pathological damage to their lungs and colons. Additionally, there was a notable upsurge in inflammatory factors within the affected tissues. 16 S rDNA sequencing revealed alterations in the colonic microbiota, including a decrease in the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Corynebacterium_glutamicum and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and an increase in the abundance of potential pathogens like Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Escherichia-Shigella. As a result, there were abnormal rises in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in both colonic content and blood. Moreover, CAD treatment reversed the microbial dysbiosis and decreased the LPS levels induced by Mccp, thereby suppressing the activation of the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway and the Fas/FasL-caspase-8/-3 pathway. Consequently, this significantly mitigated the morphological and functional damage to the lungs and colons caused by Mccp. The findings offer novel insights and approaches for the clinical management of Mccp infections.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04500-wCecropin ADMycoplasma pneumoniaIntestinal injuryGut microbiotaLipopolysaccharides |
| spellingShingle | Bowen Li Mingming Liu Wenjing Du Shuaidong Wang Zekang Xu Xiaoqian Zhang Yang Zhang Song Hua Cecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota BMC Veterinary Research Cecropin AD Mycoplasma pneumonia Intestinal injury Gut microbiota Lipopolysaccharides |
| title | Cecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota |
| title_full | Cecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Cecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota |
| title_short | Cecropin AD ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota |
| title_sort | cecropin ad ameliorates pneumonia and intestinal injury in mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae by mediating gut microbiota |
| topic | Cecropin AD Mycoplasma pneumonia Intestinal injury Gut microbiota Lipopolysaccharides |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04500-w |
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