Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge
Bovine anaplasmosis is endemic and is of fundamental importance worldwide. Therefore, measures for controlling and preventing clinical diseases are warranted to ensure the reduction of associated economic losses. The objective of the present study was to assess the post-inoculation effects and prote...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X24000876 |
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| author | Filipe Lucas de Melo Mendonça Matheus Figueiredo Coelho Camila Valgas Bastos Júlia Angélica Gonçalves da Silveira Rafael Romero Nicolino Jose Azael Zambrano Uribe Múcio Flávio Barbosa Ribeiro Bruna Torres Silvestre Rodrigo Melo Meneses Antônio Último de Carvalho Tiago Facury Moreira Elias Jorge Facury-Filho |
| author_facet | Filipe Lucas de Melo Mendonça Matheus Figueiredo Coelho Camila Valgas Bastos Júlia Angélica Gonçalves da Silveira Rafael Romero Nicolino Jose Azael Zambrano Uribe Múcio Flávio Barbosa Ribeiro Bruna Torres Silvestre Rodrigo Melo Meneses Antônio Último de Carvalho Tiago Facury Moreira Elias Jorge Facury-Filho |
| author_sort | Filipe Lucas de Melo Mendonça |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine anaplasmosis is endemic and is of fundamental importance worldwide. Therefore, measures for controlling and preventing clinical diseases are warranted to ensure the reduction of associated economic losses. The objective of the present study was to assess the post-inoculation effects and protection conferred by three different protocols of inoculation of low-virulence live strains of Anaplasma marginale (UFMG1 and UFMG3) in field-challenged cattle. Sixty-eight Holstein calves with an average age of 17 days were randomly divided into four groups. The groups received two subcutaneous administrations spaced 40 days apart, at a dosage of 2 × 106 infected erythrocytes of the following A. marginale strains: G1 (UFMG1 + UFMG1); G2 (UFMG3 + UFMG3); G3 (UFMG1 + UFMG3); and G4 (control). Every two days, the animals were evaluated for rectal temperature, Packed Cell Volume (PCV), and blood smears. Blood samples were collected prior to inoculation, before the field challenge, and after the challenge period, nPCR and IFAT techniques were performed. There were no significant differences in rickettsemia levels, reduction in PCV, or antibody detection among the different inoculation strategies. Forty days after the second inoculation, 90 %, 84.6 %, and 90.9 % of the animals in G1, G2, and G3, respectively, tested positive using nPCR. After inoculation, the group G2, which received the UFMG3 inoculum, had a higher frequency of treatment (odds ratio of 6.7; 1.198-38.018 CI; p = 0.03), while groups G1 and G3 demonstrated similar treatment frequencies compared to the control. During the natural challenge phase, 13.3 % of animals in group G1 required treatment (odds ratio of 0.108; 0.018-0.635 CI; p = 0.014) compared to 58.8 % of the control group. Considering the results collectively, the protocol using the UFMG1 strain (G1) stands out for its potential to be safe and induce some degree of immunization against A. marginale, reducing the incidence of clinical disease and the need for treatment during natural challenge. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-14cc3afd68ed44edaba21862635987cf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1877-9603 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-14cc3afd68ed44edaba21862635987cf2025-02-05T04:31:26ZengElsevierTicks and Tick-Borne Diseases1877-96032025-01-01161102394Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challengeFilipe Lucas de Melo Mendonça0Matheus Figueiredo Coelho1Camila Valgas Bastos2Júlia Angélica Gonçalves da Silveira3Rafael Romero Nicolino4Jose Azael Zambrano Uribe5Múcio Flávio Barbosa Ribeiro6Bruna Torres Silvestre7Rodrigo Melo Meneses8Antônio Último de Carvalho9Tiago Facury Moreira10Elias Jorge Facury-Filho11Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilVeterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil; Animal Production Department, Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais (IFMG) Campus São João Evangelista, Minas Gerais, 39705-000, BrazilPreventive Veterinary Medicine Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilPreventive Veterinary Medicine Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilPreventive Veterinary Medicine Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilVeterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilParasitology Department, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilParasitology Department, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilVeterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilVeterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilVeterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilVeterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil; Corresponding author.Bovine anaplasmosis is endemic and is of fundamental importance worldwide. Therefore, measures for controlling and preventing clinical diseases are warranted to ensure the reduction of associated economic losses. The objective of the present study was to assess the post-inoculation effects and protection conferred by three different protocols of inoculation of low-virulence live strains of Anaplasma marginale (UFMG1 and UFMG3) in field-challenged cattle. Sixty-eight Holstein calves with an average age of 17 days were randomly divided into four groups. The groups received two subcutaneous administrations spaced 40 days apart, at a dosage of 2 × 106 infected erythrocytes of the following A. marginale strains: G1 (UFMG1 + UFMG1); G2 (UFMG3 + UFMG3); G3 (UFMG1 + UFMG3); and G4 (control). Every two days, the animals were evaluated for rectal temperature, Packed Cell Volume (PCV), and blood smears. Blood samples were collected prior to inoculation, before the field challenge, and after the challenge period, nPCR and IFAT techniques were performed. There were no significant differences in rickettsemia levels, reduction in PCV, or antibody detection among the different inoculation strategies. Forty days after the second inoculation, 90 %, 84.6 %, and 90.9 % of the animals in G1, G2, and G3, respectively, tested positive using nPCR. After inoculation, the group G2, which received the UFMG3 inoculum, had a higher frequency of treatment (odds ratio of 6.7; 1.198-38.018 CI; p = 0.03), while groups G1 and G3 demonstrated similar treatment frequencies compared to the control. During the natural challenge phase, 13.3 % of animals in group G1 required treatment (odds ratio of 0.108; 0.018-0.635 CI; p = 0.014) compared to 58.8 % of the control group. Considering the results collectively, the protocol using the UFMG1 strain (G1) stands out for its potential to be safe and induce some degree of immunization against A. marginale, reducing the incidence of clinical disease and the need for treatment during natural challenge.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X24000876AnaplasmosisLive vaccineVirulenceCalvesNatural challenge |
| spellingShingle | Filipe Lucas de Melo Mendonça Matheus Figueiredo Coelho Camila Valgas Bastos Júlia Angélica Gonçalves da Silveira Rafael Romero Nicolino Jose Azael Zambrano Uribe Múcio Flávio Barbosa Ribeiro Bruna Torres Silvestre Rodrigo Melo Meneses Antônio Último de Carvalho Tiago Facury Moreira Elias Jorge Facury-Filho Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases Anaplasmosis Live vaccine Virulence Calves Natural challenge |
| title | Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge |
| title_full | Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge |
| title_fullStr | Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge |
| title_short | Calf immunization protocols with low-virulence isolates of Anaplasma marginale: Analysis of post-inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge |
| title_sort | calf immunization protocols with low virulence isolates of anaplasma marginale analysis of post inoculation effects and protection against natural challenge |
| topic | Anaplasmosis Live vaccine Virulence Calves Natural challenge |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X24000876 |
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