Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK Biobank
BackgroundChronic liver diseases (CLD) continue to pose a significant global burden, potentially exacerbated by pro-inflammatory diets. This study explores the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a measure of dietary inflammatory potential, and CLD risk.MethodsUtilizing data f...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1537855/full |
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| author | Lili Pan Lili Pan Zhengrong Xu Yining Li Guoen Cai Haibing Gao Shenglong Lin |
| author_facet | Lili Pan Lili Pan Zhengrong Xu Yining Li Guoen Cai Haibing Gao Shenglong Lin |
| author_sort | Lili Pan |
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| description | BackgroundChronic liver diseases (CLD) continue to pose a significant global burden, potentially exacerbated by pro-inflammatory diets. This study explores the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a measure of dietary inflammatory potential, and CLD risk.MethodsUtilizing data from the UK Biobank cohort, we assessed the dietary information and calculated the DII for each participant. Cox proportional hazards models and Fine-Gray competing risk models were employed to evaluate the association between DII and CLD incidence, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsOur analysis included 121,329 participants with a median follow-up of 604.43 weeks, during which 4,018 developed CLD. A higher DII, indicating a more inflammatory diet, was associated with a 16% increased risk of CLD [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.162, P = 0.001], with each unit increase in DII elevating the risk by 3.3% (HR: 1.033, P < 0.001). A significant linear association between DII and CLD was observed. Competing risk analyses, which accounted for cirrhosis, liver cancer, and death, supported these findings. Subgroup analyses confirmed the robustness of the DII's association across various demographic and lifestyle factors. Moreover, a higher DII was positively associated with the progression of CLD to cirrhosis. Sensitivity analyses, including energy-adjusted DII and typical dietary DII, reinforced our results. Additionally, adherence to anti-inflammatory dietary patterns, as indicated by higher Healthy Eating Index 2020 and Mediterranean Diet Score values, was inversely associated with CLD risk.ConclusionOur study highlights the potential benefits of adopting anti-inflammatory diets as a strategy for the prevention and management of CLD. Comprehensive dietary interventions may play a pivotal role in mitigating the global burden of CLD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1495331fec3447539b78449a40ccc127 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-1495331fec3447539b78449a40ccc1272025-01-27T05:14:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-01-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15378551537855Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK BiobankLili Pan0Lili Pan1Zhengrong Xu2Yining Li3Guoen Cai4Haibing Gao5Shenglong Lin6Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, ChinaTranslational Medicine Center on Hematology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaBackgroundChronic liver diseases (CLD) continue to pose a significant global burden, potentially exacerbated by pro-inflammatory diets. This study explores the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a measure of dietary inflammatory potential, and CLD risk.MethodsUtilizing data from the UK Biobank cohort, we assessed the dietary information and calculated the DII for each participant. Cox proportional hazards models and Fine-Gray competing risk models were employed to evaluate the association between DII and CLD incidence, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsOur analysis included 121,329 participants with a median follow-up of 604.43 weeks, during which 4,018 developed CLD. A higher DII, indicating a more inflammatory diet, was associated with a 16% increased risk of CLD [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.162, P = 0.001], with each unit increase in DII elevating the risk by 3.3% (HR: 1.033, P < 0.001). A significant linear association between DII and CLD was observed. Competing risk analyses, which accounted for cirrhosis, liver cancer, and death, supported these findings. Subgroup analyses confirmed the robustness of the DII's association across various demographic and lifestyle factors. Moreover, a higher DII was positively associated with the progression of CLD to cirrhosis. Sensitivity analyses, including energy-adjusted DII and typical dietary DII, reinforced our results. Additionally, adherence to anti-inflammatory dietary patterns, as indicated by higher Healthy Eating Index 2020 and Mediterranean Diet Score values, was inversely associated with CLD risk.ConclusionOur study highlights the potential benefits of adopting anti-inflammatory diets as a strategy for the prevention and management of CLD. Comprehensive dietary interventions may play a pivotal role in mitigating the global burden of CLD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1537855/fulldietary inflammatory indexpro-inflammatory dietdietary patternchronic liver diseases (CLD)UK Biobank |
| spellingShingle | Lili Pan Lili Pan Zhengrong Xu Yining Li Guoen Cai Haibing Gao Shenglong Lin Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK Biobank Frontiers in Nutrition dietary inflammatory index pro-inflammatory diet dietary pattern chronic liver diseases (CLD) UK Biobank |
| title | Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK Biobank |
| title_full | Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK Biobank |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK Biobank |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK Biobank |
| title_short | Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases: evidence from the UK Biobank |
| title_sort | exploring the association between pro inflammatory diets and chronic liver diseases evidence from the uk biobank |
| topic | dietary inflammatory index pro-inflammatory diet dietary pattern chronic liver diseases (CLD) UK Biobank |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1537855/full |
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