Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Background and aim: <i>Gardenia jasminoides</i> (<i>G. jasminoides</i>) could treat various inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>G. jasminoides</i> fruit extract on gastric inflammation and protective mechanisms in <i>Heli...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Pornpen Werawatganone Duangporn Werawatganon Nattida Noonak Maneerat Chayanupatkul Tanittha Chatsuwan Naruemon Klaikeaw Walaisiri Muangsiri Prasong Siriviriyakul |
| author_facet | Pornpen Werawatganone Duangporn Werawatganon Nattida Noonak Maneerat Chayanupatkul Tanittha Chatsuwan Naruemon Klaikeaw Walaisiri Muangsiri Prasong Siriviriyakul |
| author_sort | Pornpen Werawatganone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and aim: <i>Gardenia jasminoides</i> (<i>G. jasminoides</i>) could treat various inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>G. jasminoides</i> fruit extract on gastric inflammation and protective mechanisms in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>)-induced gastritis. Experimental procedure<i>: G. jasminoides</i> fruit extract was prepared and analyzed for geniposide content. The inhibitory effect of the extract on <i>H. pylori</i> growth was investigated using the disk diffusion method. The in vitro anti-inflammatory property of the extract was evaluated using the erythrocyte membrane stabilization method. Thirty-five male Sprague–Dawley rats were inoculated with <i>H. pylori</i> (10<sup>8</sup>–10<sup>10</sup> colony-forming unit/mL) and divided into five groups. Each group was treated with various doses of the extract (98–395 mg/kg). The serum and stomach tissue of the rats were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Results and conclusions: The geniposide content in the dried extract was 8.12% ± 0.79% by dry weight. The inhibition zone was observed at the extract ≥ 1.97 mg/disk, and the extract presented anti-inflammatory potential. The <i>H. pylori</i>-inoculated rats had a significant increase in serum interleukin (IL)-17, IL-33, and gastric epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels and a significant decrease in serum prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> level (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in conjunction with the development of gastric inflammation on histopathology. The treatment of the extract could significantly decrease the serum IL-17, IL-33, and gastric EGF levels, significantly increase the serum PGE<sub>2</sub> level (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and improve gastric histopathology. Thus, <i>G. jasminoides</i> fruit extract attenuated <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastritis by inhibiting bacterial growth, reducing inflammation, and enhancing protective mechanisms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1470ea4063cc4844ac34a0032b7c111b |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-1470ea4063cc4844ac34a0032b7c111b2025-01-24T13:23:59ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-01-011319210.3390/biomedicines13010092Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo StudiesPornpen Werawatganone0Duangporn Werawatganon1Nattida Noonak2Maneerat Chayanupatkul3Tanittha Chatsuwan4Naruemon Klaikeaw5Walaisiri Muangsiri6Prasong Siriviriyakul7Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandBackground and aim: <i>Gardenia jasminoides</i> (<i>G. jasminoides</i>) could treat various inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>G. jasminoides</i> fruit extract on gastric inflammation and protective mechanisms in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>)-induced gastritis. Experimental procedure<i>: G. jasminoides</i> fruit extract was prepared and analyzed for geniposide content. The inhibitory effect of the extract on <i>H. pylori</i> growth was investigated using the disk diffusion method. The in vitro anti-inflammatory property of the extract was evaluated using the erythrocyte membrane stabilization method. Thirty-five male Sprague–Dawley rats were inoculated with <i>H. pylori</i> (10<sup>8</sup>–10<sup>10</sup> colony-forming unit/mL) and divided into five groups. Each group was treated with various doses of the extract (98–395 mg/kg). The serum and stomach tissue of the rats were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Results and conclusions: The geniposide content in the dried extract was 8.12% ± 0.79% by dry weight. The inhibition zone was observed at the extract ≥ 1.97 mg/disk, and the extract presented anti-inflammatory potential. The <i>H. pylori</i>-inoculated rats had a significant increase in serum interleukin (IL)-17, IL-33, and gastric epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels and a significant decrease in serum prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> level (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in conjunction with the development of gastric inflammation on histopathology. The treatment of the extract could significantly decrease the serum IL-17, IL-33, and gastric EGF levels, significantly increase the serum PGE<sub>2</sub> level (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and improve gastric histopathology. Thus, <i>G. jasminoides</i> fruit extract attenuated <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastritis by inhibiting bacterial growth, reducing inflammation, and enhancing protective mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/92gastric inflammation<i>Helicobacter pylori</i><i>Gardenia jasminoides</i> fruit extractin vivo |
| spellingShingle | Pornpen Werawatganone Duangporn Werawatganon Nattida Noonak Maneerat Chayanupatkul Tanittha Chatsuwan Naruemon Klaikeaw Walaisiri Muangsiri Prasong Siriviriyakul Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Biomedicines gastric inflammation <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> <i>Gardenia jasminoides</i> fruit extract in vivo |
| title | Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_full | Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_fullStr | Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_short | Unveiling the Potency of Gardenia Extract Against <i>H. pylori</i>: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_sort | unveiling the potency of gardenia extract against i h pylori i insights from in vitro and in vivo studies |
| topic | gastric inflammation <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> <i>Gardenia jasminoides</i> fruit extract in vivo |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/92 |
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