Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease
Abstract Redox reactions, involving electron transfer, are critical to human physiology. However, progress in understanding redox metabolism is hindered by flawed analytical methods. This review highlights emerging techniques that promise to revolutionize redox research, enhancing our comprehension...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Physiological Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70105 |
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| author | Josh Thorley |
| author_facet | Josh Thorley |
| author_sort | Josh Thorley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Redox reactions, involving electron transfer, are critical to human physiology. However, progress in understanding redox metabolism is hindered by flawed analytical methods. This review highlights emerging techniques that promise to revolutionize redox research, enhancing our comprehension of human health and disease. Oxygen, vital for aerobic metabolism, also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. While historically seen as harmful, ROS at low concentrations are now recognized as key regulators of cell signaling. A balance between ROS and antioxidants, known as redox balance, is crucial, and deviations can lead to oxidative stress. Recent studies have distinguished beneficial “oxidative eustress” from harmful “oxidative distress.” New techniques, such as advanced mass spectrometry and high‐throughput immunoassays, offer improved accuracy in measuring redox states and oxidative damage. These advancements are pivotal for understanding redox signaling, cysteine oxidation, and their implications for disease. Looking ahead, the development of precision redox medicine could lead to better treatments for oxidative stress‐related diseases and foster interventions promoting health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-138445f58e0445c5a852d7b67fcff923 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2051-817X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physiological Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-138445f58e0445c5a852d7b67fcff9232025-01-25T06:41:00ZengWileyPhysiological Reports2051-817X2024-11-011221n/an/a10.14814/phy2.70105Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and diseaseJosh Thorley0School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences Loughborough University Loughborough UKAbstract Redox reactions, involving electron transfer, are critical to human physiology. However, progress in understanding redox metabolism is hindered by flawed analytical methods. This review highlights emerging techniques that promise to revolutionize redox research, enhancing our comprehension of human health and disease. Oxygen, vital for aerobic metabolism, also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. While historically seen as harmful, ROS at low concentrations are now recognized as key regulators of cell signaling. A balance between ROS and antioxidants, known as redox balance, is crucial, and deviations can lead to oxidative stress. Recent studies have distinguished beneficial “oxidative eustress” from harmful “oxidative distress.” New techniques, such as advanced mass spectrometry and high‐throughput immunoassays, offer improved accuracy in measuring redox states and oxidative damage. These advancements are pivotal for understanding redox signaling, cysteine oxidation, and their implications for disease. Looking ahead, the development of precision redox medicine could lead to better treatments for oxidative stress‐related diseases and foster interventions promoting health.https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70105cysteinehydrogen peroxideredox signalingROS |
| spellingShingle | Josh Thorley Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease Physiological Reports cysteine hydrogen peroxide redox signaling ROS |
| title | Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease |
| title_full | Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease |
| title_fullStr | Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease |
| title_short | Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease |
| title_sort | unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease |
| topic | cysteine hydrogen peroxide redox signaling ROS |
| url | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70105 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joshthorley unravelingtheredoxcodetoimprovephysiologicalresearchinhumanhealthanddisease |