Intra-uterine Growth Restriction Downregulates the Hepatic Toll Like Receptor-4 Expression and Function
Maternal starvation is a significant cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in the world and increases the risk of infection in the neonate. We examined the effect of maternal starvation on Toll like receptor (TLR)4 expression in hepatic, splenic and i...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2005-01-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17402520400008905 |
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| Summary: | Maternal starvation is a significant cause of intrauterine growth restriction
(IUGR) in the world and increases the risk of infection in the neonate. We examined
the effect of maternal starvation on Toll like receptor (TLR)4 expression in hepatic,
splenic and intestinal tissues obtained from the adult IUGR offspring of prenatal
calorie restricted rats. The hepatic TLR4 protein concentration was undetectable in
the IUGR rats that had restricted milk intake during the suckling period
(SM/SP; n = 4, p < 0.05) as compared to the normal
growth controls (CM/CP; n=4),
and access to ad lib milk intake during the sucking period partially corrected the
hepatic TLR4 expression (SM/CP; n = 4). IUGR had no effect
on the splenic (n = 4) or
intestinal (n = 4) TLR4 mRNA levels. In the liver, IUGR
led to a 20% increase in
baseline tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression ( p < 0.03) and a 70%
increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA expression ( p < 0.008) as compared to
the control rats (CM/CP; n = 7). LPS-induced hepatic
TNF-α release was significantly
higher in SM/SP as compared to CM/CP. We propose that IUGR dysregulates
TLR4 expression and function in the offspring, which may help explain
the increased risk of Gram-negative sepsis and inflammatory diseases in this
population. |
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| ISSN: | 1740-2522 1740-2530 |