Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves Velocity
For the manufacture of spring springs of rolling stock (wagons, locomotives, cars), bars made of spring steels are used. With high-temperature machining, when winding springs and quenching them, there is a difference in the cooling rates of the inner and outer sides of the spring coils, which leads...
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Belarusian National Technical University
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Приборы и методы измерений |
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| Online Access: | https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/773 |
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| author | V. V. Muravʼev L. V. Gushchina |
| author_facet | V. V. Muravʼev L. V. Gushchina |
| author_sort | V. V. Muravʼev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For the manufacture of spring springs of rolling stock (wagons, locomotives, cars), bars made of spring steels are used. With high-temperature machining, when winding springs and quenching them, there is a difference in the cooling rates of the inner and outer sides of the spring coils, which leads to a difference in the structural state and affects the durability of the springs. The aim of the work is to study the effect of structural changes in the outer and inner surfaces of spring steel coils after winding and high–temperature machining operations on the measured characteristics of Rayleigh acoustic waves.The propagation velocities of Rayleigh waves in spring-spring steel 60C2A after winding and hightemperature machining operations are investigated. The shadow method and the autocirculation method with piezoelectric converters CTS-19 with a frequency of 5 MHz with a special block design were used for research. The converters provide input and reception of the Rayleigh wave along the inner and outer forming surface of the spring. It is shown that the method of comparing the results of measuring the velocity of Rayleigh waves on a fi base by the coil generator on the inner and outer surfaces of the spring is sensitive to disturbances in the structure of the material and the appearance of defects. An unambiguous relationship of the structural states on the outer and inner sides of the spring with the velocity of the Rayleigh wave is found.As a result of the measurements, a conclusion was made about the significant sensitivity of Rayleigh waves to the structural state of the steel under study. An increase in the wave velocity was detected on the inner surface of the coil in the contact zone with the mandrel relative to the outer side of the coil, signaling incomplete hardening of steel in this zone during high-temperature machining. The relative speed difference in different spring samples is approximately up to 1 % (≈ 30 m/s), which is a significant value for assessing the quality of high-temperature machining. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-12bd15a6533d434583e96c701102faa6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2220-9506 2414-0473 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Belarusian National Technical University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Приборы и методы измерений |
| spelling | doaj-art-12bd15a6533d434583e96c701102faa62025-02-03T05:16:52ZengBelarusian National Technical UniversityПриборы и методы измерений2220-95062414-04732022-07-0113214715410.21122/2220-9506-2022-13-2-147-154583Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves VelocityV. V. Muravʼev0L. V. Gushchina1Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University; Udmurt Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesKalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical UniversityFor the manufacture of spring springs of rolling stock (wagons, locomotives, cars), bars made of spring steels are used. With high-temperature machining, when winding springs and quenching them, there is a difference in the cooling rates of the inner and outer sides of the spring coils, which leads to a difference in the structural state and affects the durability of the springs. The aim of the work is to study the effect of structural changes in the outer and inner surfaces of spring steel coils after winding and high–temperature machining operations on the measured characteristics of Rayleigh acoustic waves.The propagation velocities of Rayleigh waves in spring-spring steel 60C2A after winding and hightemperature machining operations are investigated. The shadow method and the autocirculation method with piezoelectric converters CTS-19 with a frequency of 5 MHz with a special block design were used for research. The converters provide input and reception of the Rayleigh wave along the inner and outer forming surface of the spring. It is shown that the method of comparing the results of measuring the velocity of Rayleigh waves on a fi base by the coil generator on the inner and outer surfaces of the spring is sensitive to disturbances in the structure of the material and the appearance of defects. An unambiguous relationship of the structural states on the outer and inner sides of the spring with the velocity of the Rayleigh wave is found.As a result of the measurements, a conclusion was made about the significant sensitivity of Rayleigh waves to the structural state of the steel under study. An increase in the wave velocity was detected on the inner surface of the coil in the contact zone with the mandrel relative to the outer side of the coil, signaling incomplete hardening of steel in this zone during high-temperature machining. The relative speed difference in different spring samples is approximately up to 1 % (≈ 30 m/s), which is a significant value for assessing the quality of high-temperature machining.https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/773rayleigh wave velocitythrough transmission method and auto-circulation methodspring steel |
| spellingShingle | V. V. Muravʼev L. V. Gushchina Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves Velocity Приборы и методы измерений rayleigh wave velocity through transmission method and auto-circulation method spring steel |
| title | Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves Velocity |
| title_full | Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves Velocity |
| title_fullStr | Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves Velocity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves Velocity |
| title_short | Structuroscopy of Coils after High-Temperature Mechanical Treatment on the Basis of Measurements of Rayleigh Waves Velocity |
| title_sort | structuroscopy of coils after high temperature mechanical treatment on the basis of measurements of rayleigh waves velocity |
| topic | rayleigh wave velocity through transmission method and auto-circulation method spring steel |
| url | https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/773 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vvmuravʼev structuroscopyofcoilsafterhightemperaturemechanicaltreatmentonthebasisofmeasurementsofrayleighwavesvelocity AT lvgushchina structuroscopyofcoilsafterhightemperaturemechanicaltreatmentonthebasisofmeasurementsofrayleighwavesvelocity |