GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830 |
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| author | Fabian C. Roth Andreas Draguhn |
| author_facet | Fabian C. Roth Andreas Draguhn |
| author_sort | Fabian C. Roth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states, the release of GABA by interneurons must be plastic in timing and amount. This homeostatic regulation is achieved by several pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and is triggered by various activity-dependent local signals such as excitatory input or ambient levels of neurotransmitters. Here, we review findings on the availability of GABA for release at presynaptic terminals of interneurons. Presynaptic GABA content seems to be an important determinant of inhibitory efficacy and can be differentially regulated by changing synthesis, transport, and degradation of GABA or related molecules. We will discuss the functional impact of such regulations on neuronal network patterns and, finally, point towards pharmacological approaches targeting these processes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-10e21801e2be41fd8b0a3407b6b71029 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-10e21801e2be41fd8b0a3407b6b710292025-02-03T05:45:09ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432012-01-01201210.1155/2012/805830805830GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic EfficacyFabian C. Roth0Andreas Draguhn1Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyInstitute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyGABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states, the release of GABA by interneurons must be plastic in timing and amount. This homeostatic regulation is achieved by several pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and is triggered by various activity-dependent local signals such as excitatory input or ambient levels of neurotransmitters. Here, we review findings on the availability of GABA for release at presynaptic terminals of interneurons. Presynaptic GABA content seems to be an important determinant of inhibitory efficacy and can be differentially regulated by changing synthesis, transport, and degradation of GABA or related molecules. We will discuss the functional impact of such regulations on neuronal network patterns and, finally, point towards pharmacological approaches targeting these processes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830 |
| spellingShingle | Fabian C. Roth Andreas Draguhn GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy Neural Plasticity |
| title | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
| title_full | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
| title_fullStr | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
| title_full_unstemmed | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
| title_short | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
| title_sort | gaba metabolism and transport effects on synaptic efficacy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fabiancroth gabametabolismandtransporteffectsonsynapticefficacy AT andreasdraguhn gabametabolismandtransporteffectsonsynapticefficacy |