Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear Order
Background and Aim: One of the two parental allelic genes may selectively be expressed, regulated by imprinting, X-inactivation or by other less known mechanisms. This study aims to reflect on such genetic mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Slides from short term cultures or direct smears of blood,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2005-01-01
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| Series: | Cellular Oncology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/673949 |
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| author | Jyoti P. Chaudhuri Eva Kasprzycki Mathew Battaglia John R. McGill Anton Brøgger Joachim-U. Walther Albrecht Reith |
| author_facet | Jyoti P. Chaudhuri Eva Kasprzycki Mathew Battaglia John R. McGill Anton Brøgger Joachim-U. Walther Albrecht Reith |
| author_sort | Jyoti P. Chaudhuri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: One of the two parental allelic genes may selectively be expressed, regulated by imprinting, X-inactivation or by other less known mechanisms. This study aims to reflect on such genetic mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Slides from short term cultures or direct smears of blood, bone marrow and amniotic fluids were hybridized with FISH probes singly, combined or sequentially. Two to three hundred cells were examined from each preparation. Results and Aignificance: A small number of cells (up to about 5%), more frequent in leukemia cases, showed the twin features: (1) nuclei with biphasic chromatin, one part decondensed and the other condensed; and (2) homologous FISH signals distributed equitably in those two regions. The biphasic chromatin structure with equitable distribution of the homologous FISH signals may correspond to the two sets of chromosomes, supporting observations on ploidywise intranuclear order. The decondensed chromatin may relate to enhanced transcriptions or advanced replications. Conclusions: Transcriptions of only one of the two parental genomes cause allelic exclusion. Genomes may switch with alternating monoallelic expression of biallelic genes as an efficient genetic mechanism. If genomes fail to switch, allelic exclusion may lead to malignancy. Similarly, a genome-wide monoallelic replication may tilt the balance of heterozygosity resulting in aneusomy, initiating early events in malignant transformation and in predicting cancer mortality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-10c8f512493f46eaafcf986080261023 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1570-5870 1875-8606 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2005-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cellular Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-10c8f512493f46eaafcf9860802610232025-02-03T01:10:27ZengWileyCellular Oncology1570-58701875-86062005-01-01275-632733410.1155/2005/673949Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear OrderJyoti P. Chaudhuri0Eva Kasprzycki1Mathew Battaglia2John R. McGill3Anton Brøgger4Joachim-U. Walther5Albrecht Reith6Tumour Cytogenetic Unit, Kinderklinik, LMU, 80336 Munich, GermanyGenzyme Genetics/IMPATH, Phoenix, AZ 85034, USAGenzyme Genetics/IMPATH, Phoenix, AZ 85034, USAGenzyme Genetics/IMPATH, Phoenix, AZ 85034, USAThe Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310 Oslo, NorwayTumour Cytogenetic Unit, Kinderklinik, LMU, 80336 Munich, GermanyThe Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310 Oslo, NorwayBackground and Aim: One of the two parental allelic genes may selectively be expressed, regulated by imprinting, X-inactivation or by other less known mechanisms. This study aims to reflect on such genetic mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Slides from short term cultures or direct smears of blood, bone marrow and amniotic fluids were hybridized with FISH probes singly, combined or sequentially. Two to three hundred cells were examined from each preparation. Results and Aignificance: A small number of cells (up to about 5%), more frequent in leukemia cases, showed the twin features: (1) nuclei with biphasic chromatin, one part decondensed and the other condensed; and (2) homologous FISH signals distributed equitably in those two regions. The biphasic chromatin structure with equitable distribution of the homologous FISH signals may correspond to the two sets of chromosomes, supporting observations on ploidywise intranuclear order. The decondensed chromatin may relate to enhanced transcriptions or advanced replications. Conclusions: Transcriptions of only one of the two parental genomes cause allelic exclusion. Genomes may switch with alternating monoallelic expression of biallelic genes as an efficient genetic mechanism. If genomes fail to switch, allelic exclusion may lead to malignancy. Similarly, a genome-wide monoallelic replication may tilt the balance of heterozygosity resulting in aneusomy, initiating early events in malignant transformation and in predicting cancer mortality.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/673949 |
| spellingShingle | Jyoti P. Chaudhuri Eva Kasprzycki Mathew Battaglia John R. McGill Anton Brøgger Joachim-U. Walther Albrecht Reith Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear Order Cellular Oncology |
| title | Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear Order |
| title_full | Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear Order |
| title_fullStr | Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear Order |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear Order |
| title_short | Biphasic Chromatin Structure and FISH Signals Reflect Intranuclear Order |
| title_sort | biphasic chromatin structure and fish signals reflect intranuclear order |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/673949 |
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