Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section Optimization

Time-varying digital filters are widely used in dynamic signal processing applications, but their transient response can significantly impact performance, particularly in real-time systems. This study focuses on reducing transient time in time-varying filters through second-order section (SOS) optim...

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Main Authors: Piotr Okoniewski, Jacek Piskorowski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6512
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author Piotr Okoniewski
Jacek Piskorowski
author_facet Piotr Okoniewski
Jacek Piskorowski
author_sort Piotr Okoniewski
collection DOAJ
description Time-varying digital filters are widely used in dynamic signal processing applications, but their transient response can significantly impact performance, particularly in real-time systems. This study focuses on reducing transient time in time-varying filters through second-order section (SOS) optimization. By employing a numerical optimization approach, we selectively adjust the coefficients of a single SOS within a higher-order filter to minimize the transient period while maintaining overall stability. Using a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm, we determine a time-varying coefficient trajectory over a finite horizon, ensuring a rapid convergence to steady-state behavior. Experimental results demonstrate that this targeted coefficient adaptation reduces transient time by up to 80% compared to conventional static designs, with minimal computational overhead. Additionally, a comparative analysis with traditional linear time-invariant (LTI) filters highlights the advantage of this method in suppressing transient oscillations while preserving long-term filter characteristics. The proposed approach provides a practical and efficient strategy for enhancing filter responsiveness in applications requiring both stability and real-time adaptability. These findings suggest that selective time variation in SOS decomposition can be a valuable tool in digital filter design, improving efficiency without excessive memory or processing demands.
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spelling doaj-art-107e6b77c9664520a65df609be47d5e22025-08-20T02:24:35ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011512651210.3390/app15126512Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section OptimizationPiotr Okoniewski0Jacek Piskorowski1Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 70-310 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Electrical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 70-310 Szczecin, PolandTime-varying digital filters are widely used in dynamic signal processing applications, but their transient response can significantly impact performance, particularly in real-time systems. This study focuses on reducing transient time in time-varying filters through second-order section (SOS) optimization. By employing a numerical optimization approach, we selectively adjust the coefficients of a single SOS within a higher-order filter to minimize the transient period while maintaining overall stability. Using a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm, we determine a time-varying coefficient trajectory over a finite horizon, ensuring a rapid convergence to steady-state behavior. Experimental results demonstrate that this targeted coefficient adaptation reduces transient time by up to 80% compared to conventional static designs, with minimal computational overhead. Additionally, a comparative analysis with traditional linear time-invariant (LTI) filters highlights the advantage of this method in suppressing transient oscillations while preserving long-term filter characteristics. The proposed approach provides a practical and efficient strategy for enhancing filter responsiveness in applications requiring both stability and real-time adaptability. These findings suggest that selective time variation in SOS decomposition can be a valuable tool in digital filter design, improving efficiency without excessive memory or processing demands.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6512time-varying systemsdigital filterssecond-order section
spellingShingle Piotr Okoniewski
Jacek Piskorowski
Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section Optimization
Applied Sciences
time-varying systems
digital filters
second-order section
title Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section Optimization
title_full Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section Optimization
title_fullStr Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section Optimization
title_full_unstemmed Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section Optimization
title_short Transient Time Reduction in Time-Varying Digital Filters via Second-Order Section Optimization
title_sort transient time reduction in time varying digital filters via second order section optimization
topic time-varying systems
digital filters
second-order section
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6512
work_keys_str_mv AT piotrokoniewski transienttimereductionintimevaryingdigitalfiltersviasecondordersectionoptimization
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