Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy
Objectives To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Carthamin yellow (CY)-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) liposomes in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN), particularly in alleviating renal interstitial fibrosis and improving kidney function.Methods CY-loaded GA liposomes were prepared and characte...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Renal Failure |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2025.2459356 |
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| author | Yifei Wang Wenfang He Peiyao Ren Li Zhao Danna Zheng Juan Jin |
| author_facet | Yifei Wang Wenfang He Peiyao Ren Li Zhao Danna Zheng Juan Jin |
| author_sort | Yifei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Carthamin yellow (CY)-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) liposomes in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN), particularly in alleviating renal interstitial fibrosis and improving kidney function.Methods CY-loaded GA liposomes were prepared and characterized for structural stability and controlled release. DN rat models were treated with CY-loaded GA liposomes, and kidney pathology, function, collagen deposition, and TGF-β1 expression were evaluated. The effects of CY-loaded GA liposomes were compared to Vitamin E and CY alone. In vitro experiments with TGF-β1-stimulated human renal interstitial fibroblasts (hRIFs) examined the effects of CY-loaded GA liposomes on cell proliferation and the expression of fibrotic markers. Mechanistic studies assessed the role of the TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway using TGFBR1 overexpression experiments.Results The CY-loaded GA liposomes exhibited a stable structure and controlled release profile. In DN rats, treatment with CY-loaded GA liposomes significantly alleviated kidney damage, improved kidney function, reduced collagen deposition and fibrosis, and downregulated TGF-β1 expression, showing superior effects compared to Vitamin E or CY alone. In TGF-β1-stimulated hRIFs, CY-loaded GA liposomes effectively suppressed cell proliferation and reduced the expression of Cyclin D1, PCNA, fibronectin, and collagen I. The inhibitory effects were stronger than CY alone and were mediated by the inactivation of the TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway, as confirmed by TGFBR1 overexpression studies.Conclusions CY-loaded GA liposomes demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in alleviating renal interstitial fibrosis in DN by targeting the TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway. This novel drug delivery system provides a promising approach for the treatment of DN. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-100b998a38f6492e86fac38bd644e338 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0886-022X 1525-6049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Renal Failure |
| spelling | doaj-art-100b998a38f6492e86fac38bd644e3382025-02-05T03:59:08ZengTaylor & Francis GroupRenal Failure0886-022X1525-60492025-12-0147110.1080/0886022X.2025.2459356Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathyYifei Wang0Wenfang He1Peiyao Ren2Li Zhao3Danna Zheng4Juan Jin5Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaDepartment of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaDepartment of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaUrology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaUrology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaDepartment of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaObjectives To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Carthamin yellow (CY)-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) liposomes in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN), particularly in alleviating renal interstitial fibrosis and improving kidney function.Methods CY-loaded GA liposomes were prepared and characterized for structural stability and controlled release. DN rat models were treated with CY-loaded GA liposomes, and kidney pathology, function, collagen deposition, and TGF-β1 expression were evaluated. The effects of CY-loaded GA liposomes were compared to Vitamin E and CY alone. In vitro experiments with TGF-β1-stimulated human renal interstitial fibroblasts (hRIFs) examined the effects of CY-loaded GA liposomes on cell proliferation and the expression of fibrotic markers. Mechanistic studies assessed the role of the TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway using TGFBR1 overexpression experiments.Results The CY-loaded GA liposomes exhibited a stable structure and controlled release profile. In DN rats, treatment with CY-loaded GA liposomes significantly alleviated kidney damage, improved kidney function, reduced collagen deposition and fibrosis, and downregulated TGF-β1 expression, showing superior effects compared to Vitamin E or CY alone. In TGF-β1-stimulated hRIFs, CY-loaded GA liposomes effectively suppressed cell proliferation and reduced the expression of Cyclin D1, PCNA, fibronectin, and collagen I. The inhibitory effects were stronger than CY alone and were mediated by the inactivation of the TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway, as confirmed by TGFBR1 overexpression studies.Conclusions CY-loaded GA liposomes demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in alleviating renal interstitial fibrosis in DN by targeting the TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway. This novel drug delivery system provides a promising approach for the treatment of DN.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2025.2459356Carthamin yellowglycyrrhetinic acidliposomesdiabetic nephropathyinterstitial fibrosisTGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway |
| spellingShingle | Yifei Wang Wenfang He Peiyao Ren Li Zhao Danna Zheng Juan Jin Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy Renal Failure Carthamin yellow glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes diabetic nephropathy interstitial fibrosis TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway |
| title | Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy |
| title_full | Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy |
| title_fullStr | Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy |
| title_short | Carthamin yellow-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy |
| title_sort | carthamin yellow loaded glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes alleviate interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy |
| topic | Carthamin yellow glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes diabetic nephropathy interstitial fibrosis TGFBR1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2025.2459356 |
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