Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic Fracturing
Hydraulic fracturing is an important technology for the development of unconventional resources, while the foam fracturing plays an essential role for the oil recovery in hydraulic fracturing. To further explore the anion effect of quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants on their relative performan...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Geofluids |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4258643 |
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| author | Shixin Dai Yufei Gong Feng Wang Pan Hu |
| author_facet | Shixin Dai Yufei Gong Feng Wang Pan Hu |
| author_sort | Shixin Dai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydraulic fracturing is an important technology for the development of unconventional resources, while the foam fracturing plays an essential role for the oil recovery in hydraulic fracturing. To further explore the anion effect of quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants on their relative performances, four fatty acid surfactants were prepared (cetyltrimethylammonium acetate (CTAAC), cetyltrimethylammonium butyrate (CTABU), cetyltrimethylammonium hexanoate (CTAHE), and cetyltrimethylammonium caprylate (CTACA)). The effect of anions on surface tension and foaming properties were discussed, and the emulsion stability was also investigated. The experimental results were presented that the CTAAC possesses the highest surface activities compared with other members in the prepared surfactants. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at the CMC (γCMC) increase as increasing methylene segments in the anions, the maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), and minimum area per molecule (Amin) present an opposite trend with the increase of methylene segments. The CTAAC exhibits the best performances on foamability and foam stability than other synthesized surfactants at 70°C; the initial foam height (H0) and the foam height ratio (R3) at 0 min and 3 min are 34.9 cm and 52.9%, respectively; this is due to the lowest surface tension and shortest methylene segments. In addition, the emulsion stability was shown to follow the order of CTAAC>CTABU>CTAHE>CTACA. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0f74b6524d13452197abd5450e6046c9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1468-8115 1468-8123 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geofluids |
| spelling | doaj-art-0f74b6524d13452197abd5450e6046c92025-02-03T05:48:05ZengWileyGeofluids1468-81151468-81232019-01-01201910.1155/2019/42586434258643Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic FracturingShixin Dai0Yufei Gong1Feng Wang2Pan Hu3Clean Utilization of Coal Resources and Mine Environmental Protection of Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Xiangtan 411201, ChinaResource Environment and Safety Engineering College of Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Xiangtan 411201, ChinaResource Environment and Safety Engineering College of Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Xiangtan 411201, ChinaResource Environment and Safety Engineering College of Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Xiangtan 411201, ChinaHydraulic fracturing is an important technology for the development of unconventional resources, while the foam fracturing plays an essential role for the oil recovery in hydraulic fracturing. To further explore the anion effect of quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants on their relative performances, four fatty acid surfactants were prepared (cetyltrimethylammonium acetate (CTAAC), cetyltrimethylammonium butyrate (CTABU), cetyltrimethylammonium hexanoate (CTAHE), and cetyltrimethylammonium caprylate (CTACA)). The effect of anions on surface tension and foaming properties were discussed, and the emulsion stability was also investigated. The experimental results were presented that the CTAAC possesses the highest surface activities compared with other members in the prepared surfactants. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at the CMC (γCMC) increase as increasing methylene segments in the anions, the maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), and minimum area per molecule (Amin) present an opposite trend with the increase of methylene segments. The CTAAC exhibits the best performances on foamability and foam stability than other synthesized surfactants at 70°C; the initial foam height (H0) and the foam height ratio (R3) at 0 min and 3 min are 34.9 cm and 52.9%, respectively; this is due to the lowest surface tension and shortest methylene segments. In addition, the emulsion stability was shown to follow the order of CTAAC>CTABU>CTAHE>CTACA.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4258643 |
| spellingShingle | Shixin Dai Yufei Gong Feng Wang Pan Hu Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic Fracturing Geofluids |
| title | Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic Fracturing |
| title_full | Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic Fracturing |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic Fracturing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic Fracturing |
| title_short | Synthesis and Interface Activity of a Series of Carboxylic Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants in Hydraulic Fracturing |
| title_sort | synthesis and interface activity of a series of carboxylic quaternary ammonium surfactants in hydraulic fracturing |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4258643 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shixindai synthesisandinterfaceactivityofaseriesofcarboxylicquaternaryammoniumsurfactantsinhydraulicfracturing AT yufeigong synthesisandinterfaceactivityofaseriesofcarboxylicquaternaryammoniumsurfactantsinhydraulicfracturing AT fengwang synthesisandinterfaceactivityofaseriesofcarboxylicquaternaryammoniumsurfactantsinhydraulicfracturing AT panhu synthesisandinterfaceactivityofaseriesofcarboxylicquaternaryammoniumsurfactantsinhydraulicfracturing |