Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018
Abstract Background Carotenoids have been shown to have multiple health benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The data for the effect of dietary specific carotenoids on biological aging is limited. Our study aims to examine the association between dietary carotenoid intake levels an...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01079-8 |
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| author | Xiang Qi Xuanyang Wang Licheng Cheng Yue Li Keke Dang Shuo Yang Yina Wang Runyi Zhou Can Zhang Ying Li |
| author_facet | Xiang Qi Xuanyang Wang Licheng Cheng Yue Li Keke Dang Shuo Yang Yina Wang Runyi Zhou Can Zhang Ying Li |
| author_sort | Xiang Qi |
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| description | Abstract Background Carotenoids have been shown to have multiple health benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The data for the effect of dietary specific carotenoids on biological aging is limited. Our study aims to examine the association between dietary carotenoid intake levels and biological aging. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed among 27,338 adults from NHANES 1999–2018. Dietary intake was assessed through two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Biological aging indices included allostatic load (AL), homeostatic dysregulation (HD), Klemera-Doubal method (KDM), and phenoAge (PA). Multiple linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g-computation (QG-comp) were used to explore the associations of single carotenoid and mixed carotenoids with biological aging. Results Associations between dietary carotenoid intake levels and biological aging indices were significant among adults across the United States. Multiple linear regression showed that most carotenoids were significantly negatively correlated with AL (β = -0.017 - -0.011), HD (β = -0.045 - -0.032), KDM (β = -0.984 - -0.471), and PA (β = -0.975 - -0.539). Subgroup analysis indicated that male, older individuals, smokers, alcohol drinkers, and less physically active individuals are particularly sensitive populations. Meanwhile, WQS regression and QG-comp analyses consistently indicated a negative association between mixed carotenoids exposure and four biological aging indices, highlighting that lutein/zeaxanthin and β-carotene were responsible for the outcomes. Conclusions Increased dietary intakes of various carotenoids were associated with lower biological aging indices, which was possibly and mainly driven by lutein/zeaxanthin and β-carotene. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1475-2891 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Nutrition Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-0f26cd234bd9445185eb948c0cb4f2322025-01-19T12:11:19ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912025-01-0124111210.1186/s12937-025-01079-8Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018Xiang Qi0Xuanyang Wang1Licheng Cheng2Yue Li3Keke Dang4Shuo Yang5Yina Wang6Runyi Zhou7Can Zhang8Ying Li9Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityAbstract Background Carotenoids have been shown to have multiple health benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The data for the effect of dietary specific carotenoids on biological aging is limited. Our study aims to examine the association between dietary carotenoid intake levels and biological aging. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed among 27,338 adults from NHANES 1999–2018. Dietary intake was assessed through two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Biological aging indices included allostatic load (AL), homeostatic dysregulation (HD), Klemera-Doubal method (KDM), and phenoAge (PA). Multiple linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g-computation (QG-comp) were used to explore the associations of single carotenoid and mixed carotenoids with biological aging. Results Associations between dietary carotenoid intake levels and biological aging indices were significant among adults across the United States. Multiple linear regression showed that most carotenoids were significantly negatively correlated with AL (β = -0.017 - -0.011), HD (β = -0.045 - -0.032), KDM (β = -0.984 - -0.471), and PA (β = -0.975 - -0.539). Subgroup analysis indicated that male, older individuals, smokers, alcohol drinkers, and less physically active individuals are particularly sensitive populations. Meanwhile, WQS regression and QG-comp analyses consistently indicated a negative association between mixed carotenoids exposure and four biological aging indices, highlighting that lutein/zeaxanthin and β-carotene were responsible for the outcomes. Conclusions Increased dietary intakes of various carotenoids were associated with lower biological aging indices, which was possibly and mainly driven by lutein/zeaxanthin and β-carotene.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01079-8Dietary carotenoidsBiological ageNational health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES)Mixed exposure |
| spellingShingle | Xiang Qi Xuanyang Wang Licheng Cheng Yue Li Keke Dang Shuo Yang Yina Wang Runyi Zhou Can Zhang Ying Li Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018 Nutrition Journal Dietary carotenoids Biological age National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) Mixed exposure |
| title | Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_full | Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_fullStr | Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_short | Dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among US adults, NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_sort | dietary carotenoid intakes and biological aging among us adults nhanes 1999 2018 |
| topic | Dietary carotenoids Biological age National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) Mixed exposure |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01079-8 |
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