Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java Province
Chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) are important indicators of air-sea interaction and primary productivity. It has been widely known that the variability of chl-a and SST in the waters of Central Java Province (CJP) is influenced by the monsoonal cycle. Previous studies did not...
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Diponegoro University; Association of Indonesian Coastal Management Experts
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Ilmu Kelautan |
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| Online Access: | https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/article/view/50064 |
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| author | Kunarso Kunarso Dwi Haryo Ismunarti Azis Rifai Bayu Munandar Anindya Wirasatriya Raden Dwi Susanto |
| author_facet | Kunarso Kunarso Dwi Haryo Ismunarti Azis Rifai Bayu Munandar Anindya Wirasatriya Raden Dwi Susanto |
| author_sort | Kunarso Kunarso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) are important indicators of air-sea interaction and primary productivity. It has been widely known that the variability of chl-a and SST in the waters of Central Java Province (CJP) is influenced by the monsoonal cycle. Previous studies did not clearly describe the variability of chl-a and SST when compared to other cycles. This present study investigated the variability of chl-a and SST influenced by monsoonal cycles, IOD, and ENSO in both CJP waters. Our analysis is based on satellite observations and uses daily data to compile climatological data. The analysis found differences between the variability of chl-a and SST during the monsoonal cycle and ENSO-IOD extreme conditions. During the monsoonal cycle, the maximum (minimum) chl-a (SST) in northern CJP is 0.7 mg.L-1 (28.5ºC) is observed in the West Monsoon, and in the southern CJP is 1.5 mg.L-1 (25.5ºC) is observed in the East Monsoon. In addition, the analysis reveals that the ENSO and IOD extremes do not clearly alter the variability of chl-a and SST in the northern CJP. However, ENSO and IOD extremes have clearly altered the variability of chl-a and SST in the southern CJP. The highest impact to variability of chl-a and SST occurred during IOD+ extreme (2019), where the range of value chl-a (SST) in south CJP is 0,35–4,57 mg.L-1 (23,29 – 30,49ºC). The value of chl-a (SST) is greater than 4 mg.L-1 (less than 24ºC) are observed in the east monsoon. It is caused by the intensity of lifting the mass of water from deeper waters to the sea surface, which possibly supplies the nutrients in the surface waters. The result of the investigation showed that the increasing of chl-a and decreasing of SST in the northern CJP dominant by monsoonal cycle and southern CJP dominant by monsoonal cycle and ENSO – IOD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0e7ba27f8a574e4fb9cb96760fe0e908 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0853-7291 2406-7598 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Diponegoro University; Association of Indonesian Coastal Management Experts |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ilmu Kelautan |
| spelling | doaj-art-0e7ba27f8a574e4fb9cb96760fe0e9082025-08-20T03:31:12ZengDiponegoro University; Association of Indonesian Coastal Management ExpertsIlmu Kelautan0853-72912406-75982023-03-0128111110.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.1-1121746Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java ProvinceKunarso Kunarso0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5274-9054Dwi Haryo Ismunarti1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-5692Azis Rifai2Bayu Munandar3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-5482Anindya Wirasatriya4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1030-5126Raden Dwi Susanto5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1495-5951Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, IndonesiaDepartment of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, IndonesiaDepartment of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, IndonesiaDepartment of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, IndonesiaDepartment of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, IndonesiaDepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, United StatesChlorophyll-a (chl-a) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) are important indicators of air-sea interaction and primary productivity. It has been widely known that the variability of chl-a and SST in the waters of Central Java Province (CJP) is influenced by the monsoonal cycle. Previous studies did not clearly describe the variability of chl-a and SST when compared to other cycles. This present study investigated the variability of chl-a and SST influenced by monsoonal cycles, IOD, and ENSO in both CJP waters. Our analysis is based on satellite observations and uses daily data to compile climatological data. The analysis found differences between the variability of chl-a and SST during the monsoonal cycle and ENSO-IOD extreme conditions. During the monsoonal cycle, the maximum (minimum) chl-a (SST) in northern CJP is 0.7 mg.L-1 (28.5ºC) is observed in the West Monsoon, and in the southern CJP is 1.5 mg.L-1 (25.5ºC) is observed in the East Monsoon. In addition, the analysis reveals that the ENSO and IOD extremes do not clearly alter the variability of chl-a and SST in the northern CJP. However, ENSO and IOD extremes have clearly altered the variability of chl-a and SST in the southern CJP. The highest impact to variability of chl-a and SST occurred during IOD+ extreme (2019), where the range of value chl-a (SST) in south CJP is 0,35–4,57 mg.L-1 (23,29 – 30,49ºC). The value of chl-a (SST) is greater than 4 mg.L-1 (less than 24ºC) are observed in the east monsoon. It is caused by the intensity of lifting the mass of water from deeper waters to the sea surface, which possibly supplies the nutrients in the surface waters. The result of the investigation showed that the increasing of chl-a and decreasing of SST in the northern CJP dominant by monsoonal cycle and southern CJP dominant by monsoonal cycle and ENSO – IOD.https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/article/view/50064chlorophyll-asstensoiodcentral java |
| spellingShingle | Kunarso Kunarso Dwi Haryo Ismunarti Azis Rifai Bayu Munandar Anindya Wirasatriya Raden Dwi Susanto Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java Province Ilmu Kelautan chlorophyll-a sst enso iod central java |
| title | Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java Province |
| title_full | Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java Province |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java Province |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java Province |
| title_short | Effect of Extreme ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature in the North and South of Central Java Province |
| title_sort | effect of extreme enso and iod on the variability of chlorophyll a and sea surface temperature in the north and south of central java province |
| topic | chlorophyll-a sst enso iod central java |
| url | https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/article/view/50064 |
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