Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US population

<p><strong>Background:</strong> cigarette smoking is the greatest known risk factor for lung cancer, and people with different smoking status may process risk information differently. While psychological distress has been linked with smoking status, little is known about the impact...

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Main Authors: Sunil Mathur, Marian Levy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Milano University Press 2013-06-01
Series:Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health
Online Access:http://ebph.it/article/view/8839
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author Sunil Mathur
Marian Levy
author_facet Sunil Mathur
Marian Levy
author_sort Sunil Mathur
collection DOAJ
description <p><strong>Background:</strong> cigarette smoking is the greatest known risk factor for lung cancer, and people with different smoking status may process risk information differently. While psychological distress has been linked with smoking status, little is known about the impact of distress on lung cancer perception or the moderating role of physical activity and race. This study explores the association of lung cancer perception and distress and investigates the effects of physical activity and race on that association.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> the study uses a national, biennial survey (the Health Information National Trends Survey) that was designed to collect nationally representative data on the American public’s need for, access to, and use of cancer-related information using a cross-sectional, complex sample survey design. Out of 5 586 participants, 1 015 were current smokers, 1 599 were former smokers, 2 877 were never smokers. Of the sample, 1 765 participants answered the lung cancer risk perception question and had no personal history of lung cancer. Statistical analysis contrasts smokers, former smokers, and never smokers to examine the association of lung cancer perception and distress and the moderating role of physical activity and race.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> distress and lung cancer risk perception were significantly positively associated (p value &lt; 0.001). Respondents who were current smokers and were distressed had very high odds of agreeing that they have a somewhat high chance (odds ratio=900.8, CI: 94.23, 8 611.75; p value &lt; 0.001) or a very high chance (odds ratio=500.44 CI: 56.53, 4 430.02, p value &lt; 0.001) of developing lung cancer in the future as compared to not distressed never smokers. However, race and physical activity status did not significantly affect perception of risk. Perceptions of risk are important precursors of health change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> elevated distress level and higher perceived risk, in addition to physical activity status and race, could potentially be used to develop targeted interventions, such as tailoring quitting support for smokers at elevated distress levels, which may enhance success rate of quitting smoking and staying quit.</p>
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spelling doaj-art-0d4715bae5f549ff81712a20fc34f23a2025-08-20T02:56:37ZengMilano University PressEpidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health2282-09302013-06-0110210.2427/88398496Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US populationSunil Mathur0Marian Levy1Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USADivision of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA<p><strong>Background:</strong> cigarette smoking is the greatest known risk factor for lung cancer, and people with different smoking status may process risk information differently. While psychological distress has been linked with smoking status, little is known about the impact of distress on lung cancer perception or the moderating role of physical activity and race. This study explores the association of lung cancer perception and distress and investigates the effects of physical activity and race on that association.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> the study uses a national, biennial survey (the Health Information National Trends Survey) that was designed to collect nationally representative data on the American public’s need for, access to, and use of cancer-related information using a cross-sectional, complex sample survey design. Out of 5 586 participants, 1 015 were current smokers, 1 599 were former smokers, 2 877 were never smokers. Of the sample, 1 765 participants answered the lung cancer risk perception question and had no personal history of lung cancer. Statistical analysis contrasts smokers, former smokers, and never smokers to examine the association of lung cancer perception and distress and the moderating role of physical activity and race.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> distress and lung cancer risk perception were significantly positively associated (p value &lt; 0.001). Respondents who were current smokers and were distressed had very high odds of agreeing that they have a somewhat high chance (odds ratio=900.8, CI: 94.23, 8 611.75; p value &lt; 0.001) or a very high chance (odds ratio=500.44 CI: 56.53, 4 430.02, p value &lt; 0.001) of developing lung cancer in the future as compared to not distressed never smokers. However, race and physical activity status did not significantly affect perception of risk. Perceptions of risk are important precursors of health change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> elevated distress level and higher perceived risk, in addition to physical activity status and race, could potentially be used to develop targeted interventions, such as tailoring quitting support for smokers at elevated distress levels, which may enhance success rate of quitting smoking and staying quit.</p>http://ebph.it/article/view/8839
spellingShingle Sunil Mathur
Marian Levy
Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US population
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health
title Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US population
title_full Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US population
title_fullStr Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US population
title_full_unstemmed Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US population
title_short Lung cancer risk perception and distress: difference by smoking status, and role of physical activity and race among US population
title_sort lung cancer risk perception and distress difference by smoking status and role of physical activity and race among us population
url http://ebph.it/article/view/8839
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AT marianlevy lungcancerriskperceptionanddistressdifferencebysmokingstatusandroleofphysicalactivityandraceamonguspopulation