Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets
Introduction. Patients experience various levels of discomfort during orthodontic treatment, i.e., after placement of separators, orthodontic implant placement, and archwire placement and during debonding. Various pain control methods have been developed to relive pain during debonding, i.e., finger...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Dentistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6625126 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832552479566331904 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohmed Isaqali Karobari Ali A Assiry Mubashir Baig Mirza Fazlur Rahman Sayed Sufiyan Shaik Anand Marya Adith Venugopal Mohammad Khursheed Alam Rithvitou Horn |
| author_facet | Mohmed Isaqali Karobari Ali A Assiry Mubashir Baig Mirza Fazlur Rahman Sayed Sufiyan Shaik Anand Marya Adith Venugopal Mohammad Khursheed Alam Rithvitou Horn |
| author_sort | Mohmed Isaqali Karobari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction. Patients experience various levels of discomfort during orthodontic treatment, i.e., after placement of separators, orthodontic implant placement, and archwire placement and during debonding. Various pain control methods have been developed to relive pain during debonding, i.e., finger pressure (FP), elastomeric wafer (EW), and stress relief (SR). Aim. To analyse various pain scales commonly used to determine the effect of different pain control methods during debonding of orthodontic brackets. Study Design. A comparative cross-sectional study performed on a sample of 60 patients (n = 60) including 14 males and 46 females who were ready for debonding and who were divided into three groups, i.e., finger pressure (FP), elastomeric wafer (EW), and stress relief (SR). Materials and Methods. A 100 mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to record the pain intensity for each tooth. Another scale known as Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) was used to evaluate the patient’s general attitude towards pain perception. The armamentarium and operator were kept same for all the patients. Statistical analysis used was the Kruskal–Wallis test, used for intergroup and intragroup comparison of pain scores. Results. Lowest total pain score was recorded in the FP group (P=0.043) on intergroup comparison, while on intragroup comparison, higher pain scores were recorded in lower anterior region (P=0.02) in all three groups. There was no significant difference between the pain scores reported by the male and female subjects. Conclusion. FP is an effective method of pain control. And teeth in the anterior region of lower and upper arches are more sensitive to pain. In terms of cognitive-affective constructs, although the VAS has been widely used in previous studies, the PCS has been detailed to show the most reliable association with physical discomfort and emotional distress. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0d2f729bb29b41038bd5f486f196ff1a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8728 1687-8736 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Dentistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-0d2f729bb29b41038bd5f486f196ff1a2025-02-03T05:58:26ZengWileyInternational Journal of Dentistry1687-87281687-87362021-01-01202110.1155/2021/66251266625126Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic BracketsMohmed Isaqali Karobari0Ali A Assiry1Mubashir Baig Mirza2Fazlur Rahman Sayed3Sufiyan Shaik4Anand Marya5Adith Venugopal6Mohammad Khursheed Alam7Rithvitou Horn8Conservative Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, MalaysiaPreventive Dental Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi ArabiaConservative Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi ArabiaBadr Al Samaa Group of Hospitals, Muscat, OmanHappy Mouth Dental Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IndiaDepartment of Orthodontics, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, CambodiaDepartment of Orthodontics, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, CambodiaOrthodontic Division, Preventive Dentistry Department, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, CambodiaIntroduction. Patients experience various levels of discomfort during orthodontic treatment, i.e., after placement of separators, orthodontic implant placement, and archwire placement and during debonding. Various pain control methods have been developed to relive pain during debonding, i.e., finger pressure (FP), elastomeric wafer (EW), and stress relief (SR). Aim. To analyse various pain scales commonly used to determine the effect of different pain control methods during debonding of orthodontic brackets. Study Design. A comparative cross-sectional study performed on a sample of 60 patients (n = 60) including 14 males and 46 females who were ready for debonding and who were divided into three groups, i.e., finger pressure (FP), elastomeric wafer (EW), and stress relief (SR). Materials and Methods. A 100 mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to record the pain intensity for each tooth. Another scale known as Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) was used to evaluate the patient’s general attitude towards pain perception. The armamentarium and operator were kept same for all the patients. Statistical analysis used was the Kruskal–Wallis test, used for intergroup and intragroup comparison of pain scores. Results. Lowest total pain score was recorded in the FP group (P=0.043) on intergroup comparison, while on intragroup comparison, higher pain scores were recorded in lower anterior region (P=0.02) in all three groups. There was no significant difference between the pain scores reported by the male and female subjects. Conclusion. FP is an effective method of pain control. And teeth in the anterior region of lower and upper arches are more sensitive to pain. In terms of cognitive-affective constructs, although the VAS has been widely used in previous studies, the PCS has been detailed to show the most reliable association with physical discomfort and emotional distress.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6625126 |
| spellingShingle | Mohmed Isaqali Karobari Ali A Assiry Mubashir Baig Mirza Fazlur Rahman Sayed Sufiyan Shaik Anand Marya Adith Venugopal Mohammad Khursheed Alam Rithvitou Horn Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets International Journal of Dentistry |
| title | Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets |
| title_full | Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets |
| title_short | Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Pain Scales Used for Pain Estimation during Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets |
| title_sort | comparative evaluation of different numerical pain scales used for pain estimation during debonding of orthodontic brackets |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6625126 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohmedisaqalikarobari comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT aliaassiry comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT mubashirbaigmirza comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT fazlurrahmansayed comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT sufiyanshaik comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT anandmarya comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT adithvenugopal comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT mohammadkhursheedalam comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets AT rithvitouhorn comparativeevaluationofdifferentnumericalpainscalesusedforpainestimationduringdebondingoforthodonticbrackets |