Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India population
Background: Cancer remains a significant global health concern, with colorectal cancer (CRC) showing a rising incidence, particularly among younger populations. Most CRC cases are linked to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, including enz...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Advances in Biomarker Sciences and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S254310642400019X |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850206263261003776 |
|---|---|
| author | Gowhar Rashid Gulzar A. Bhat Tahseen Bilal Rather Kulsum Akhter Ishrat Parveiz Irfan Maqbool Syed Nisar Ahmad Malik Tariq Rasool Farooq Ahmad Jan Syed Mudassar |
| author_facet | Gowhar Rashid Gulzar A. Bhat Tahseen Bilal Rather Kulsum Akhter Ishrat Parveiz Irfan Maqbool Syed Nisar Ahmad Malik Tariq Rasool Farooq Ahmad Jan Syed Mudassar |
| author_sort | Gowhar Rashid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Cancer remains a significant global health concern, with colorectal cancer (CRC) showing a rising incidence, particularly among younger populations. Most CRC cases are linked to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, including enzymes like CYP2A13 and CYP2A6, plays a vital role in metabolizing environmental carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrosamines. Polymorphisms in these genes, alongside phase II glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) involved in detoxification, can influence individual cancer risk. This study focuses on the association between these genetic polymorphisms and CRC risk in the Jammu & Kashmir, population, a region with high exposure to dietary and lifestyle-related carcinogens. Methodology: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted at the Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, J&K, India between March 2019 and March 2022. The study included 246 histopathologically confirmed colorectal cancer (CRC) cases, and an equal number of matched controls based on age (±5 years), gender, and place of residence. Blood samples were collected for DNA extraction, followed by genotyping of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme (XME) genes, including CYP2A13, CYP2A6, and GSTs using standard PCR-RFLP and multiplex PCR methods. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software to assess the association between gene polymorphisms and CRC risk. Results: The study revealed key associations between genetic and environmental factors and CRC risk. The analysis demonstrated that cases had significantly lower education levels than controls. Family history of cancer, smoking, and dietary factors like red meat and salt tea consumption were more prevalent among cases. Genetic analysis identified significant interactions between various CYP and GST genotypes, and environmental factors such as smoking, pesticide exposure, and diet, with varying effects on CRC risk. Conclusion: The research underscores the influence of genetic and environmental factors on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Lower educational was associated with a heightened risk of CRC. Certain genotype variants of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XME) were found to increase CRC risk, particularly in conjunction with smoking, pesticide exposure, and sun-dried vegetable consumption. A family history of cancer, especially CRC, further amplified the risk. These findings emphasize the importance of developing personalized CRC prevention and screening strategies that account for gene-environment interactions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0cadbb0ac6fa4d72b729511f8e5b32e5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2543-1064 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Biomarker Sciences and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-0cadbb0ac6fa4d72b729511f8e5b32e52025-08-20T02:10:53ZengKeAi Communications Co. Ltd.Advances in Biomarker Sciences and Technology2543-10642024-01-01622724110.1016/j.abst.2024.10.001Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India populationGowhar Rashid0Gulzar A. Bhat1Tahseen Bilal Rather2Kulsum Akhter3Ishrat Parveiz4Irfan Maqbool5Syed Nisar Ahmad6Malik Tariq Rasool7Farooq Ahmad Jan8Syed Mudassar9Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Amity Medical School, Amity University, Gurugram, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Hospital Administration, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India; Corresponding author.Background: Cancer remains a significant global health concern, with colorectal cancer (CRC) showing a rising incidence, particularly among younger populations. Most CRC cases are linked to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, including enzymes like CYP2A13 and CYP2A6, plays a vital role in metabolizing environmental carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrosamines. Polymorphisms in these genes, alongside phase II glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) involved in detoxification, can influence individual cancer risk. This study focuses on the association between these genetic polymorphisms and CRC risk in the Jammu & Kashmir, population, a region with high exposure to dietary and lifestyle-related carcinogens. Methodology: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted at the Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, J&K, India between March 2019 and March 2022. The study included 246 histopathologically confirmed colorectal cancer (CRC) cases, and an equal number of matched controls based on age (±5 years), gender, and place of residence. Blood samples were collected for DNA extraction, followed by genotyping of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme (XME) genes, including CYP2A13, CYP2A6, and GSTs using standard PCR-RFLP and multiplex PCR methods. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software to assess the association between gene polymorphisms and CRC risk. Results: The study revealed key associations between genetic and environmental factors and CRC risk. The analysis demonstrated that cases had significantly lower education levels than controls. Family history of cancer, smoking, and dietary factors like red meat and salt tea consumption were more prevalent among cases. Genetic analysis identified significant interactions between various CYP and GST genotypes, and environmental factors such as smoking, pesticide exposure, and diet, with varying effects on CRC risk. Conclusion: The research underscores the influence of genetic and environmental factors on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Lower educational was associated with a heightened risk of CRC. Certain genotype variants of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XME) were found to increase CRC risk, particularly in conjunction with smoking, pesticide exposure, and sun-dried vegetable consumption. A family history of cancer, especially CRC, further amplified the risk. These findings emphasize the importance of developing personalized CRC prevention and screening strategies that account for gene-environment interactions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S254310642400019XXenobiotic metabolizing enzymesColorectal cancerGenotypeKashmir |
| spellingShingle | Gowhar Rashid Gulzar A. Bhat Tahseen Bilal Rather Kulsum Akhter Ishrat Parveiz Irfan Maqbool Syed Nisar Ahmad Malik Tariq Rasool Farooq Ahmad Jan Syed Mudassar Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India population Advances in Biomarker Sciences and Technology Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes Colorectal cancer Genotype Kashmir |
| title | Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India population |
| title_full | Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India population |
| title_fullStr | Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India population |
| title_short | Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: A case-control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the Jammu& Kashmir, India population |
| title_sort | gene environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk a case control study on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms in the jammu kashmir india population |
| topic | Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes Colorectal cancer Genotype Kashmir |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S254310642400019X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gowharrashid geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT gulzarabhat geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT tahseenbilalrather geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT kulsumakhter geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT ishratparveiz geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT irfanmaqbool geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT syednisarahmad geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT maliktariqrasool geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT farooqahmadjan geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation AT syedmudassar geneenvironmentinteractionsandcolorectalcancerriskacasecontrolstudyonxenobioticmetabolizingenzymepolymorphismsinthejammukashmirindiapopulation |