Demographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South America
Abstract Background In this study, we investigated the genetic variability and population structure of the New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax. We tested the hypothesis that the species exhibits a center–periphery distribution of genetic variability, with higher genetic diversity in cent...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06622-w |
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| author | Kelly da Silva e Souza Letícia Chiara Baldassio de Paula Ana Maria Lima de Azeredo-Espin Tatiana Teixeira Torres |
| author_facet | Kelly da Silva e Souza Letícia Chiara Baldassio de Paula Ana Maria Lima de Azeredo-Espin Tatiana Teixeira Torres |
| author_sort | Kelly da Silva e Souza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background In this study, we investigated the genetic variability and population structure of the New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax. We tested the hypothesis that the species exhibits a center–periphery distribution of genetic variability, with higher genetic diversity in central populations (e.g., Brazil) and lower diversity in peripheral populations. Methods Using microsatellite markers, we analyzed larvae collected from infested livestock across South America. The larvae were collected directly from various wound sites to ensure a broad representation of genetic diversity. Results Contrary to our initial hypothesis, the results revealed consistent genetic variability across the species’ distribution, low population differentiation, and no evidence of isolation-by-distance patterns among subpopulations. The genetic analysis indicated an excess of homozygotes, potentially due to the Wahlund effect, null alleles, or selection pressure. Conclusions These findings suggest a complex metapopulation structure for C. hominivorax, challenging classical population genetics models. This complexity likely arises from the species’ high dispersal capability and frequent local extinctions followed by recolonization. These results have important implications for the design and implementation of control programs, emphasizing the need for coordinated and large-scale actions rather than isolated initiatives. Graphical Abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c8c52ba96b64087b7abaa4563967d78 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c8c52ba96b64087b7abaa4563967d782025-01-26T12:17:40ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052025-01-0118111410.1186/s13071-024-06622-wDemographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South AmericaKelly da Silva e Souza0Letícia Chiara Baldassio de Paula1Ana Maria Lima de Azeredo-Espin2Tatiana Teixeira Torres3Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology. Institute of Biosciences, University of São PauloDepartment of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology. Institute of Biosciences, University of São PauloMolecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center, Campinas State UniversityDepartment of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology. Institute of Biosciences, University of São PauloAbstract Background In this study, we investigated the genetic variability and population structure of the New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax. We tested the hypothesis that the species exhibits a center–periphery distribution of genetic variability, with higher genetic diversity in central populations (e.g., Brazil) and lower diversity in peripheral populations. Methods Using microsatellite markers, we analyzed larvae collected from infested livestock across South America. The larvae were collected directly from various wound sites to ensure a broad representation of genetic diversity. Results Contrary to our initial hypothesis, the results revealed consistent genetic variability across the species’ distribution, low population differentiation, and no evidence of isolation-by-distance patterns among subpopulations. The genetic analysis indicated an excess of homozygotes, potentially due to the Wahlund effect, null alleles, or selection pressure. Conclusions These findings suggest a complex metapopulation structure for C. hominivorax, challenging classical population genetics models. This complexity likely arises from the species’ high dispersal capability and frequent local extinctions followed by recolonization. These results have important implications for the design and implementation of control programs, emphasizing the need for coordinated and large-scale actions rather than isolated initiatives. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06622-wNew World screwwormMyiasisGenetic variabilityMetapopulationIsolation by distanceCenter–periphery distribution |
| spellingShingle | Kelly da Silva e Souza Letícia Chiara Baldassio de Paula Ana Maria Lima de Azeredo-Espin Tatiana Teixeira Torres Demographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South America Parasites & Vectors New World screwworm Myiasis Genetic variability Metapopulation Isolation by distance Center–periphery distribution |
| title | Demographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South America |
| title_full | Demographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South America |
| title_fullStr | Demographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South America |
| title_full_unstemmed | Demographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South America |
| title_short | Demographic and historical processes influencing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population structure across South America |
| title_sort | demographic and historical processes influencing cochliomyia hominivorax diptera calliphoridae population structure across south america |
| topic | New World screwworm Myiasis Genetic variability Metapopulation Isolation by distance Center–periphery distribution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06622-w |
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