Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort study
Abstract Background Perinatal growth and nutrition have been shown to be determinants in the programming of different tissues, such as adipose tissue, predisposing individuals to metabolic alterations later in life. Previous studies have documented an increased risk of metabolic disturbances and low...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Translational Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-06053-2 |
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| author | Laura Palomino-Fernández Inmaculada Velasco Belén Pastor-Villaescusa Katherine Flores-Rojas María de la Cruz Rico Juan Roa Ángel Gil Mercedes Gil-Campos |
| author_facet | Laura Palomino-Fernández Inmaculada Velasco Belén Pastor-Villaescusa Katherine Flores-Rojas María de la Cruz Rico Juan Roa Ángel Gil Mercedes Gil-Campos |
| author_sort | Laura Palomino-Fernández |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Perinatal growth and nutrition have been shown to be determinants in the programming of different tissues, such as adipose tissue, predisposing individuals to metabolic alterations later in life. Previous studies have documented an increased risk of metabolic disturbances and low-grade inflammation in prepubertal children with a history of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR). The aim of this study was to evaluate possible alterations resulting from impaired growth during early childhood and their impact on young adult health. Methods This is a longitudinal, descriptive and analytical study of a cohort with a history of EUGR recruited at prepubertal age and followed up for 10 years until the end of puberty. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, biochemical parameters related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and plasma adipokines and cytokines were analyzed. Results Compared with prepubertal children, young adults EUGR presented increased abdominal circumference percentiles. Moreover, insulin levels and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were higher in young adults, with a considerable proportion of participants (22%) becoming insulin-resistant after pubertal development. In contrast, arterial hypertension was observed in 36% of prepubertal children compared with 18% of postpubertal young adults. Lipid values were within normal ranges without differences. Adiponectin and leptin remained at similar levels in adulthood, with a decrease in resistin. Conclusion Individuals with a history of EUGR have increased metabolic risk in adulthood, which emphasizes the importance of clinical follow-up from childhood to prevent the development of further future associated diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c4dda2fd304475f8c90acdd7d44733c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1479-5876 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Translational Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c4dda2fd304475f8c90acdd7d44733c2025-01-19T12:37:16ZengBMCJournal of Translational Medicine1479-58762025-01-0123111210.1186/s12967-024-06053-2Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort studyLaura Palomino-Fernández0Inmaculada Velasco1Belén Pastor-Villaescusa2Katherine Flores-Rojas3María de la Cruz Rico4Juan Roa5Ángel Gil6Mercedes Gil-Campos7Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of CórdobaDepartment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC)Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of CórdobaMetabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of CórdobaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBSDepartment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBSMetabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of CórdobaAbstract Background Perinatal growth and nutrition have been shown to be determinants in the programming of different tissues, such as adipose tissue, predisposing individuals to metabolic alterations later in life. Previous studies have documented an increased risk of metabolic disturbances and low-grade inflammation in prepubertal children with a history of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR). The aim of this study was to evaluate possible alterations resulting from impaired growth during early childhood and their impact on young adult health. Methods This is a longitudinal, descriptive and analytical study of a cohort with a history of EUGR recruited at prepubertal age and followed up for 10 years until the end of puberty. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, biochemical parameters related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and plasma adipokines and cytokines were analyzed. Results Compared with prepubertal children, young adults EUGR presented increased abdominal circumference percentiles. Moreover, insulin levels and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were higher in young adults, with a considerable proportion of participants (22%) becoming insulin-resistant after pubertal development. In contrast, arterial hypertension was observed in 36% of prepubertal children compared with 18% of postpubertal young adults. Lipid values were within normal ranges without differences. Adiponectin and leptin remained at similar levels in adulthood, with a decrease in resistin. Conclusion Individuals with a history of EUGR have increased metabolic risk in adulthood, which emphasizes the importance of clinical follow-up from childhood to prevent the development of further future associated diseases.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-06053-2AdipokinesExtrauterine growth restrictionInflammationInsulin resistanceNutritionPuberty |
| spellingShingle | Laura Palomino-Fernández Inmaculada Velasco Belén Pastor-Villaescusa Katherine Flores-Rojas María de la Cruz Rico Juan Roa Ángel Gil Mercedes Gil-Campos Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort study Journal of Translational Medicine Adipokines Extrauterine growth restriction Inflammation Insulin resistance Nutrition Puberty |
| title | Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort study |
| title_full | Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort study |
| title_short | Metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction: a cohort study |
| title_sort | metabolic and inflammatory status in prepuberty and early adulthood for individuals with a history of extrauterine growth restriction a cohort study |
| topic | Adipokines Extrauterine growth restriction Inflammation Insulin resistance Nutrition Puberty |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-06053-2 |
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