Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index
ObjectivesThe global prevalence of diabetes is continuously rising, and the gut microbiota is closely associated with it. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) assesses the impact of diet on the microbiota, but its association with diabetes risk remains unclear. This study aims to investigate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1519346/full |
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| author | Yingxuan Huang Xiaobo Liu Chanchan Lin Xinqi Chen Yingyi Li Yisen Huang Yubin Wang Xiaoqiang Liu |
| author_facet | Yingxuan Huang Xiaobo Liu Chanchan Lin Xinqi Chen Yingyi Li Yisen Huang Yubin Wang Xiaoqiang Liu |
| author_sort | Yingxuan Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectivesThe global prevalence of diabetes is continuously rising, and the gut microbiota is closely associated with it. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) assesses the impact of diet on the microbiota, but its association with diabetes risk remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between DI-GM and the risk of diabetes and analyze the mediating roles of phenotypic age and body mass index (BMI).MethodsUtilizing data from the National Health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 1999–2018, we included 17,444 adults aged 20 years and older. DI-GM (score range: 0–13) was calculated based on dietary recall. Diabetes was diagnosed based on laboratory results and self-reported information. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between DI-GM and diabetes, adjusting for relevant covariates. Mediation analysis evaluated the roles of phenotypic age and BMI.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, higher DI-GM scores were significantly associated with a lower risk of diabetes (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.90–0.96, p < 0.001). Compared to the group with DI-GM scores of 0–3, those with scores of 5 (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.67–0.86) and ≥ 6 (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.68–0.88) had significantly reduced diabetes risk. Phenotypic age and BMI accounted for 41.02 and 25.57% of the association between DI-GM and diabetes, respectively.ConclusionHigher DI-GM scores are associated with a lower risk of diabetes, partially mediated through reduced phenotypic age and BMI. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c411b42a2334ae4a67bf3bed7384104 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c411b42a2334ae4a67bf3bed73841042025-01-22T05:19:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-01-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15193461519346Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass indexYingxuan Huang0Xiaobo Liu1Chanchan Lin2Xinqi Chen3Yingyi Li4Yisen Huang5Yubin Wang6Xiaoqiang Liu7Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, ChinaMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, ChinaObjectivesThe global prevalence of diabetes is continuously rising, and the gut microbiota is closely associated with it. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) assesses the impact of diet on the microbiota, but its association with diabetes risk remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between DI-GM and the risk of diabetes and analyze the mediating roles of phenotypic age and body mass index (BMI).MethodsUtilizing data from the National Health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 1999–2018, we included 17,444 adults aged 20 years and older. DI-GM (score range: 0–13) was calculated based on dietary recall. Diabetes was diagnosed based on laboratory results and self-reported information. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between DI-GM and diabetes, adjusting for relevant covariates. Mediation analysis evaluated the roles of phenotypic age and BMI.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, higher DI-GM scores were significantly associated with a lower risk of diabetes (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.90–0.96, p < 0.001). Compared to the group with DI-GM scores of 0–3, those with scores of 5 (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.67–0.86) and ≥ 6 (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.68–0.88) had significantly reduced diabetes risk. Phenotypic age and BMI accounted for 41.02 and 25.57% of the association between DI-GM and diabetes, respectively.ConclusionHigher DI-GM scores are associated with a lower risk of diabetes, partially mediated through reduced phenotypic age and BMI.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1519346/fulldietary index for gut microbiotadiabetesphenotypic agebody mass indexmediation analysisNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Yingxuan Huang Xiaobo Liu Chanchan Lin Xinqi Chen Yingyi Li Yisen Huang Yubin Wang Xiaoqiang Liu Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index Frontiers in Nutrition dietary index for gut microbiota diabetes phenotypic age body mass index mediation analysis NHANES |
| title | Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index |
| title_full | Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index |
| title_fullStr | Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index |
| title_short | Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index |
| title_sort | association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index |
| topic | dietary index for gut microbiota diabetes phenotypic age body mass index mediation analysis NHANES |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1519346/full |
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