Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode Excitation
This paper introduces a novel quadruple-mode excited low-profile metasurface (MTS)-based broadband circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna. For a quadruple-mode excitation, the antenna uses a unique pac-man-shaped patch (PSP) as the primary CP radiator and above it a <inline-formula> <tex-m...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10829935/ |
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| author | Deepak K. Naik Dhruba Charan Panda Rajanikanta Swain Arjuna Muduli Sambhudutta Nanda |
| author_facet | Deepak K. Naik Dhruba Charan Panda Rajanikanta Swain Arjuna Muduli Sambhudutta Nanda |
| author_sort | Deepak K. Naik |
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| description | This paper introduces a novel quadruple-mode excited low-profile metasurface (MTS)-based broadband circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna. For a quadruple-mode excitation, the antenna uses a unique pac-man-shaped patch (PSP) as the primary CP radiator and above it a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sized rectangular MTS, which acts as the secondary radiator. Characteristic mode analysis (CMA)-based mode manipulation approach facilitates effortless separation of two orthogonal modes (OMs) of PSP, creating a 90° phase difference for circular polarization. Further, to increase the design’s axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW), two additional OMs of the MTS layer are cascaded with the PSP modes. Consequently, the four OMs exhibit quadruple-mode excitation, and the design achieves broadband CP radiation. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated using an FR-4 substrate, and the overall dimension of the antenna is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.55\lambda \times 0.7\lambda \times 0.06\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 6.46 GHz center operating frequency. The 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 55.22% (4.68–8.25 GHz), and the 3 dB ARBW is 35.48% (5.1–7.3 GHz). It exhibits a peak gain of 6.2 dBi. The measurement results agree well with the simulation results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ad241578779494fba11acdb301e67c1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ad241578779494fba11acdb301e67c12025-01-28T00:01:28ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113136441365410.1109/ACCESS.2025.352668210829935Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode ExcitationDeepak K. Naik0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0633-1604Dhruba Charan Panda1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-3400Rajanikanta Swain2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3822-1349Arjuna Muduli3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4048-5885Sambhudutta Nanda4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6541-8868Department of Electronic Science, Berhampur University, Brahmapur, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Electronic Science, Berhampur University, Brahmapur, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Electronic Science, Berhampur University, Brahmapur, Odisha, IndiaSchool of Electrical and Communication Sciences, JSPM University Pune, Maharashtra, IndiaVIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaThis paper introduces a novel quadruple-mode excited low-profile metasurface (MTS)-based broadband circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna. For a quadruple-mode excitation, the antenna uses a unique pac-man-shaped patch (PSP) as the primary CP radiator and above it a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sized rectangular MTS, which acts as the secondary radiator. Characteristic mode analysis (CMA)-based mode manipulation approach facilitates effortless separation of two orthogonal modes (OMs) of PSP, creating a 90° phase difference for circular polarization. Further, to increase the design’s axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW), two additional OMs of the MTS layer are cascaded with the PSP modes. Consequently, the four OMs exhibit quadruple-mode excitation, and the design achieves broadband CP radiation. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated using an FR-4 substrate, and the overall dimension of the antenna is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.55\lambda \times 0.7\lambda \times 0.06\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 6.46 GHz center operating frequency. The 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 55.22% (4.68–8.25 GHz), and the 3 dB ARBW is 35.48% (5.1–7.3 GHz). It exhibits a peak gain of 6.2 dBi. The measurement results agree well with the simulation results.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10829935/Broadbandcharacteristic mode analysis (CMA)circular polarization (CP)metasurface (MTS)pac-man-shaped patchquadruple-mode excitation |
| spellingShingle | Deepak K. Naik Dhruba Charan Panda Rajanikanta Swain Arjuna Muduli Sambhudutta Nanda Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode Excitation IEEE Access Broadband characteristic mode analysis (CMA) circular polarization (CP) metasurface (MTS) pac-man-shaped patch quadruple-mode excitation |
| title | Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode Excitation |
| title_full | Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode Excitation |
| title_fullStr | Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode Excitation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode Excitation |
| title_short | Pac-Man-Shaped Patch-Driven Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna With CMA-Based Quadruple-Mode Excitation |
| title_sort | pac man shaped patch driven broadband circularly polarized metasurface antenna with cma based quadruple mode excitation |
| topic | Broadband characteristic mode analysis (CMA) circular polarization (CP) metasurface (MTS) pac-man-shaped patch quadruple-mode excitation |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10829935/ |
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