Multifunctional Plumeria rubra nanoparticles: Antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory activities
Novel natural nanomaterials are extensively investigated nowadays due to their potential biological activities and low toxicity. In the present investigation, polyvinyl alcohol was used as a green reducing agent to synthesize Plumeria rubra nanoparticles. Plumeria rubra flowers were collected and ex...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025004244 |
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| Summary: | Novel natural nanomaterials are extensively investigated nowadays due to their potential biological activities and low toxicity. In the present investigation, polyvinyl alcohol was used as a green reducing agent to synthesize Plumeria rubra nanoparticles. Plumeria rubra flowers were collected and extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus and examined through gas and liquid chromatography which revealed the presence of palmitic acid, linoleic acid, N-(O-Nitrophenylthio)-l-leucine, plumieridin B, lupeol, and rutin. The antimicrobial activity of the flower extract showed MIC values between 15.6 and 250.0 μg/mL. The optimum conditions for Plumeria rubra nanoparticle synthesis were 30 min stirring time and a 1:1 PVA/Plumeria rubra ratio. The optimized nanoparticles showed antimicrobial activity reached 7.8 μg/mL with entrapment and loading efficiencies %, zeta size, zeta potential, and PDI were 89.0 %, 40.0 %, 18.5 nm, −1.65 mV, and 0.29, respectively. The cytotoxic effect (IC50) of Plumeria rubra nanoparticles reached 503.2 μg/mL. Plumeria rubra nanoparticles showed low antiviral activity against 229E (low-pathogenic coronavirus), with selectivity index 2.90. Moreover, the synthesized Plumeria rubra nanoparticles' anti-inflammatory effect showed effective and selective COX-2 inhibition (IC50 = 4.2 μM, SI = 15.57). On top of that, the synthesized nanoparticles reduced the parasitic tachyzoites’ count by 37, 43, and 49 % in the spleen, brain, and liver, respectively. |
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| ISSN: | 2405-8440 |