Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Immunity
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), first found in bone marrow (BM), are the structural architects of all organs, participating in most biological functions. MSCs possess tissue-specific signatures that allow their discrimination according to their origin and location. Among their multiple functions,...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2017-01-01
|
| Series: | Stem Cells International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8482326 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832556261119361024 |
|---|---|
| author | Valeria Messina Carla Buccione Giulia Marotta Giovanna Ziccheddu Michele Signore Gianfranco Mattia Rossella Puglisi Benedetto Sacchetti Livia Biancone Mauro Valtieri |
| author_facet | Valeria Messina Carla Buccione Giulia Marotta Giovanna Ziccheddu Michele Signore Gianfranco Mattia Rossella Puglisi Benedetto Sacchetti Livia Biancone Mauro Valtieri |
| author_sort | Valeria Messina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), first found in bone marrow (BM), are the structural architects of all organs, participating in most biological functions. MSCs possess tissue-specific signatures that allow their discrimination according to their origin and location. Among their multiple functions, MSCs closely interact with immune cells, orchestrating their activity to maintain overall homeostasis. The phenotype of tissue MSCs residing in the bowel overlaps with myofibroblasts, lining the bottom walls of intestinal crypts (pericryptal) or interspersed within intestinal submucosa (intercryptal). In Crohn’s disease, intestinal MSCs are tightly stacked in a chronic inflammatory milieu, which causes their enforced expression of Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The absence of Class II MHC is a hallmark for immune-modulator and tolerogenic properties of normal MSCs and, vice versa, the expression of HLA-DR is peculiar to antigen presenting cells, that is, immune-activator cells. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is responsible for induction of Class II MHC expression on intestinal MSCs. The reversal of myofibroblasts/MSCs from an immune-modulator to an activator phenotype in Crohn’s disease results in the formation of a fibrotic tube subverting the intestinal structure. Epithelial metaplastic areas in this context can progress to dysplasia and cancer. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ab2298a1a3a454ab46593df4db89dba |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-966X 1687-9678 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stem Cells International |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ab2298a1a3a454ab46593df4db89dba2025-02-03T05:45:48ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782017-01-01201710.1155/2017/84823268482326Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in ImmunityValeria Messina0Carla Buccione1Giulia Marotta2Giovanna Ziccheddu3Michele Signore4Gianfranco Mattia5Rossella Puglisi6Benedetto Sacchetti7Livia Biancone8Mauro Valtieri9Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Dependent Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyGastroenterology Unit, Tor Vergata University, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), first found in bone marrow (BM), are the structural architects of all organs, participating in most biological functions. MSCs possess tissue-specific signatures that allow their discrimination according to their origin and location. Among their multiple functions, MSCs closely interact with immune cells, orchestrating their activity to maintain overall homeostasis. The phenotype of tissue MSCs residing in the bowel overlaps with myofibroblasts, lining the bottom walls of intestinal crypts (pericryptal) or interspersed within intestinal submucosa (intercryptal). In Crohn’s disease, intestinal MSCs are tightly stacked in a chronic inflammatory milieu, which causes their enforced expression of Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The absence of Class II MHC is a hallmark for immune-modulator and tolerogenic properties of normal MSCs and, vice versa, the expression of HLA-DR is peculiar to antigen presenting cells, that is, immune-activator cells. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is responsible for induction of Class II MHC expression on intestinal MSCs. The reversal of myofibroblasts/MSCs from an immune-modulator to an activator phenotype in Crohn’s disease results in the formation of a fibrotic tube subverting the intestinal structure. Epithelial metaplastic areas in this context can progress to dysplasia and cancer.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8482326 |
| spellingShingle | Valeria Messina Carla Buccione Giulia Marotta Giovanna Ziccheddu Michele Signore Gianfranco Mattia Rossella Puglisi Benedetto Sacchetti Livia Biancone Mauro Valtieri Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Immunity Stem Cells International |
| title | Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Immunity |
| title_full | Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Immunity |
| title_fullStr | Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Immunity |
| title_short | Gut Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Immunity |
| title_sort | gut mesenchymal stromal cells in immunity |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8482326 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT valeriamessina gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT carlabuccione gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT giuliamarotta gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT giovannaziccheddu gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT michelesignore gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT gianfrancomattia gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT rossellapuglisi gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT benedettosacchetti gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT liviabiancone gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity AT maurovaltieri gutmesenchymalstromalcellsinimmunity |