One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface

Marine biofouling poses significant challenges for maritime industries, leading to increased maintenance costs and ecological disturbances. While Cu-based biocide coatings are effective in combating biofouling, they raise environmental concerns and have limited lifespans. This has spurred interest i...

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Main Authors: Chao Zhao, Xinyu Wu, Tianqi Cheng, Tsz Yeung Yip, Bo Yuan, Wanqing Dai, Shengpei Zhang, Yuwei Qiu, Jian Lin Chen, Shang-Wei Chou, Yung-Kang Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Applied Surface Science Advances
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666523924000989
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author Chao Zhao
Xinyu Wu
Tianqi Cheng
Tsz Yeung Yip
Bo Yuan
Wanqing Dai
Shengpei Zhang
Yuwei Qiu
Jian Lin Chen
Shang-Wei Chou
Yung-Kang Peng
author_facet Chao Zhao
Xinyu Wu
Tianqi Cheng
Tsz Yeung Yip
Bo Yuan
Wanqing Dai
Shengpei Zhang
Yuwei Qiu
Jian Lin Chen
Shang-Wei Chou
Yung-Kang Peng
author_sort Chao Zhao
collection DOAJ
description Marine biofouling poses significant challenges for maritime industries, leading to increased maintenance costs and ecological disturbances. While Cu-based biocide coatings are effective in combating biofouling, they raise environmental concerns and have limited lifespans. This has spurred interest in sustainable alternatives inspired by marine organisms, such as haloperoxidases (HPOs) found in certain algae, which can convert H2O2 and Br− in seawater into HOBr to mitigate biofouling. However, the practical implementation of HPOs is limited by their stability and cost. Nanozymes like CeO₂ have emerged as promising alternatives; however, conventional coating methods—typically involving the replacement of Cu-based biocides with CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in resin—restrict their exposure to H2O2 and Br⁻, resulting in significant activity loss. This study presents a simple method for mass-producing CeO2 NPs embedded in free-standing porous carbon as HPO mimetics. The optimized sample demonstrates exceptional HPO-like activity and antibacterial performance. Most importantly, we have shown that these HPO mimetics can be directly grown on steel surfaces during preparation, eliminating the need for a dispersant. This direct coating technique effectively addresses the challenges associated with conventional resin method, facilitating the development of a sustainable antibacterial and antifouling coating with preserved activity.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2666-5239
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spelling doaj-art-0a97c658327742529a74ccc73d3d50092025-01-29T05:02:05ZengElsevierApplied Surface Science Advances2666-52392025-01-0125100670One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surfaceChao Zhao0Xinyu Wu1Tianqi Cheng2Tsz Yeung Yip3Bo Yuan4Wanqing Dai5Shengpei Zhang6Yuwei Qiu7Jian Lin Chen8Shang-Wei Chou9Yung-Kang Peng10Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARDepartment of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARDepartment of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SARDepartment of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; Corresponding authors.Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SARDepartment of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARDepartment of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARDepartment of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR; Corresponding authors.Instrumentation Centre, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China; Corresponding authors.Marine biofouling poses significant challenges for maritime industries, leading to increased maintenance costs and ecological disturbances. While Cu-based biocide coatings are effective in combating biofouling, they raise environmental concerns and have limited lifespans. This has spurred interest in sustainable alternatives inspired by marine organisms, such as haloperoxidases (HPOs) found in certain algae, which can convert H2O2 and Br− in seawater into HOBr to mitigate biofouling. However, the practical implementation of HPOs is limited by their stability and cost. Nanozymes like CeO₂ have emerged as promising alternatives; however, conventional coating methods—typically involving the replacement of Cu-based biocides with CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in resin—restrict their exposure to H2O2 and Br⁻, resulting in significant activity loss. This study presents a simple method for mass-producing CeO2 NPs embedded in free-standing porous carbon as HPO mimetics. The optimized sample demonstrates exceptional HPO-like activity and antibacterial performance. Most importantly, we have shown that these HPO mimetics can be directly grown on steel surfaces during preparation, eliminating the need for a dispersant. This direct coating technique effectively addresses the challenges associated with conventional resin method, facilitating the development of a sustainable antibacterial and antifouling coating with preserved activity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666523924000989Haloperoxidase mimeticsCeO2 nanozymeFacile and mass productionSurface coatingAccessibility of reactantsAntibacterial and antifouling
spellingShingle Chao Zhao
Xinyu Wu
Tianqi Cheng
Tsz Yeung Yip
Bo Yuan
Wanqing Dai
Shengpei Zhang
Yuwei Qiu
Jian Lin Chen
Shang-Wei Chou
Yung-Kang Peng
One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface
Applied Surface Science Advances
Haloperoxidase mimetics
CeO2 nanozyme
Facile and mass production
Surface coating
Accessibility of reactants
Antibacterial and antifouling
title One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface
title_full One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface
title_fullStr One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface
title_full_unstemmed One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface
title_short One-step mass-production of CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in free-standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface
title_sort one step mass production of ceo2 nanoparticles embedded in free standing porous carbon as haloperoxidase mimetic coating to combat biofouling on steel surface
topic Haloperoxidase mimetics
CeO2 nanozyme
Facile and mass production
Surface coating
Accessibility of reactants
Antibacterial and antifouling
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666523924000989
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