An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement
Abstract The Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) provides inertia and damping virtually, which plays a crucial role in enhancing the frequency stability of the microgrid. However, the virtual inertia added in the VSG increases the order of the system, which increases the likelihood of output real po...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90483-5 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850190454828564480 |
|---|---|
| author | V. Rajaguru K. Iyswarya Annapoorani |
| author_facet | V. Rajaguru K. Iyswarya Annapoorani |
| author_sort | V. Rajaguru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) provides inertia and damping virtually, which plays a crucial role in enhancing the frequency stability of the microgrid. However, the virtual inertia added in the VSG increases the order of the system, which increases the likelihood of output real power fluctuations in the transient state, which is potentially dangerous for system stability. Hence, this paper introduces a new approach for frequency regulation in an isolated microgrid using a Fractional Order Virtual Synchronous Generator (FOVSG) which involves more degrees of freedom, integrated with a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit. The parameters of the FOVSG and Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID) controllers are optimized by the African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) using the Integral Time Absolute Error criterion. The suggested system is simulated using MATLAB for multiple scenarios, and the outcomes are compared with the frequency regulation model using the traditional VSG with SMES unit. The performance of the suggested controller is confirmed further by utilizing a classical proportional integral derivative controller. From the results, the proposed frequency regulation model using an FOVSG and SMES unit combination with FOPID controller has superior system dynamics than the system using a traditional VSG with SMES unit. Furthermore, the suggested system using a FOVSG with SMES unit enhances the frequency responsiveness by 83.61% and 73.38% in maximum overshoot and settling period, respectively. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0a0a65080f204799a0c110a72c4cd35d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-0a0a65080f204799a0c110a72c4cd35d2025-08-20T02:15:16ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111710.1038/s41598-025-90483-5An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancementV. Rajaguru0K. Iyswarya Annapoorani1School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of TechnologyCentre for e-Automation Technologies and School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of TechnologyAbstract The Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) provides inertia and damping virtually, which plays a crucial role in enhancing the frequency stability of the microgrid. However, the virtual inertia added in the VSG increases the order of the system, which increases the likelihood of output real power fluctuations in the transient state, which is potentially dangerous for system stability. Hence, this paper introduces a new approach for frequency regulation in an isolated microgrid using a Fractional Order Virtual Synchronous Generator (FOVSG) which involves more degrees of freedom, integrated with a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit. The parameters of the FOVSG and Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID) controllers are optimized by the African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) using the Integral Time Absolute Error criterion. The suggested system is simulated using MATLAB for multiple scenarios, and the outcomes are compared with the frequency regulation model using the traditional VSG with SMES unit. The performance of the suggested controller is confirmed further by utilizing a classical proportional integral derivative controller. From the results, the proposed frequency regulation model using an FOVSG and SMES unit combination with FOPID controller has superior system dynamics than the system using a traditional VSG with SMES unit. Furthermore, the suggested system using a FOVSG with SMES unit enhances the frequency responsiveness by 83.61% and 73.38% in maximum overshoot and settling period, respectively.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90483-5African vulture optimization algorithmFractional order virtual synchronous generatorFrequency regulationMicrogridSuperconducting magnetic energy storage unit |
| spellingShingle | V. Rajaguru K. Iyswarya Annapoorani An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement Scientific Reports African vulture optimization algorithm Fractional order virtual synchronous generator Frequency regulation Microgrid Superconducting magnetic energy storage unit |
| title | An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement |
| title_full | An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement |
| title_fullStr | An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement |
| title_full_unstemmed | An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement |
| title_short | An optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement |
| title_sort | optimized fractional order virtual synchronous generator with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for microgrid frequency regulation enhancement |
| topic | African vulture optimization algorithm Fractional order virtual synchronous generator Frequency regulation Microgrid Superconducting magnetic energy storage unit |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90483-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vrajaguru anoptimizedfractionalordervirtualsynchronousgeneratorwithsuperconductingmagneticenergystorageunitformicrogridfrequencyregulationenhancement AT kiyswaryaannapoorani anoptimizedfractionalordervirtualsynchronousgeneratorwithsuperconductingmagneticenergystorageunitformicrogridfrequencyregulationenhancement AT vrajaguru optimizedfractionalordervirtualsynchronousgeneratorwithsuperconductingmagneticenergystorageunitformicrogridfrequencyregulationenhancement AT kiyswaryaannapoorani optimizedfractionalordervirtualsynchronousgeneratorwithsuperconductingmagneticenergystorageunitformicrogridfrequencyregulationenhancement |