Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet Transform

Chatter is a complex dynamic instability in machining processes and presents nonlinear and nonstationary behavior. Detection of this phenomenon before a catastrophic failure occurs has great importance in the industry today. This behavior demands online monitoring signal-processing techniques suitab...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daniel Pérez-Canales, Juan Carlos Jáuregui-Correa, José Álvarez-Ramírez, Luciano Vela-Martínez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Applied Mechanics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/6/1/15
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849392673103806464
author Daniel Pérez-Canales
Juan Carlos Jáuregui-Correa
José Álvarez-Ramírez
Luciano Vela-Martínez
author_facet Daniel Pérez-Canales
Juan Carlos Jáuregui-Correa
José Álvarez-Ramírez
Luciano Vela-Martínez
author_sort Daniel Pérez-Canales
collection DOAJ
description Chatter is a complex dynamic instability in machining processes and presents nonlinear and nonstationary behavior. Detection of this phenomenon before a catastrophic failure occurs has great importance in the industry today. This behavior demands online monitoring signal-processing techniques suitable for facing these kinds of dynamics such as approximate entropy (AE) and wavelet transform. Moreover, AE is useful for dealing with noisy signals and requires a relatively small amount of observations. In this study, we propose an improved AE methodology, the multiscale maximum approximate entropy (MMAE), to detect chatter in milling processes. The maximum AE is achieved by the calculation of the parameter r proposed by Sheng and Chon. In the past, the calculation of this parameter was a drawback of the AE technique. The results show the effectiveness of this proposed technique in detecting clearly different gradual and drastic changes in chatter conditions. Moreover, a more known technique is presented: the time–frequency maps provided by continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The results also show the efficacy of this technique in detecting different levels of chatter. The results are corroborated by the machining piece observation of the chatter phenomenon. MMAE is also compared with sample entropy (SE) and the Hurst exponent obtained by the R/S analysis. At the end, a comparison analysis of the mentioned techniques is carried out, showing that they all have advantages and disadvantages. However, the disadvantages of MMAE and CWT can be solved, as mentioned in the comparison section. Thus, the conclusion is that MMAE and CWT techniques are optimal for the online monitoring of chatter in machining processes.
format Article
id doaj-art-09b2e7b823f1456faca14e6fe1fe1239
institution Kabale University
issn 2673-3161
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Applied Mechanics
spelling doaj-art-09b2e7b823f1456faca14e6fe1fe12392025-08-20T03:40:43ZengMDPI AGApplied Mechanics2673-31612025-02-01611510.3390/applmech6010015Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet TransformDaniel Pérez-Canales0Juan Carlos Jáuregui-Correa1José Álvarez-Ramírez2Luciano Vela-Martínez3Independent Researcher, Calle Florida 9 Int. 17, Col. Noche Buena, Del. Benito Juárez, Ciudad de México 03720, MexicoFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Santiago de Querétaro 76010, Qro., MexicoDivisión de Ciencias Básicas de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Apartado Postal 55-534, Ciudad de México 09340, MexicoCentro de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad #940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags., MexicoChatter is a complex dynamic instability in machining processes and presents nonlinear and nonstationary behavior. Detection of this phenomenon before a catastrophic failure occurs has great importance in the industry today. This behavior demands online monitoring signal-processing techniques suitable for facing these kinds of dynamics such as approximate entropy (AE) and wavelet transform. Moreover, AE is useful for dealing with noisy signals and requires a relatively small amount of observations. In this study, we propose an improved AE methodology, the multiscale maximum approximate entropy (MMAE), to detect chatter in milling processes. The maximum AE is achieved by the calculation of the parameter r proposed by Sheng and Chon. In the past, the calculation of this parameter was a drawback of the AE technique. The results show the effectiveness of this proposed technique in detecting clearly different gradual and drastic changes in chatter conditions. Moreover, a more known technique is presented: the time–frequency maps provided by continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The results also show the efficacy of this technique in detecting different levels of chatter. The results are corroborated by the machining piece observation of the chatter phenomenon. MMAE is also compared with sample entropy (SE) and the Hurst exponent obtained by the R/S analysis. At the end, a comparison analysis of the mentioned techniques is carried out, showing that they all have advantages and disadvantages. However, the disadvantages of MMAE and CWT can be solved, as mentioned in the comparison section. Thus, the conclusion is that MMAE and CWT techniques are optimal for the online monitoring of chatter in machining processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/6/1/15chatteronline monitoringapproximate entropywavelet
spellingShingle Daniel Pérez-Canales
Juan Carlos Jáuregui-Correa
José Álvarez-Ramírez
Luciano Vela-Martínez
Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet Transform
Applied Mechanics
chatter
online monitoring
approximate entropy
wavelet
title Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet Transform
title_full Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet Transform
title_fullStr Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet Transform
title_full_unstemmed Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet Transform
title_short Detection of Chatter in Machining Processes by the Multiscale Maximum Approximate Entropy and Continuous Wavelet Transform
title_sort detection of chatter in machining processes by the multiscale maximum approximate entropy and continuous wavelet transform
topic chatter
online monitoring
approximate entropy
wavelet
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/6/1/15
work_keys_str_mv AT danielperezcanales detectionofchatterinmachiningprocessesbythemultiscalemaximumapproximateentropyandcontinuouswavelettransform
AT juancarlosjaureguicorrea detectionofchatterinmachiningprocessesbythemultiscalemaximumapproximateentropyandcontinuouswavelettransform
AT josealvarezramirez detectionofchatterinmachiningprocessesbythemultiscalemaximumapproximateentropyandcontinuouswavelettransform
AT lucianovelamartinez detectionofchatterinmachiningprocessesbythemultiscalemaximumapproximateentropyandcontinuouswavelettransform