Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus
Brain is predominantly susceptible to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction during hypobaric hypoxia, and therefore undergoes neurodegeneration due to energy crisis. Evidences illustrate a high degree of association for mitochondrial fusion/fission imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction. M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Neurology Research International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/742059 |
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| author | Khushbu Jain Dipti Prasad Shashi Bala Singh Ekta Kohli |
| author_facet | Khushbu Jain Dipti Prasad Shashi Bala Singh Ekta Kohli |
| author_sort | Khushbu Jain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brain is predominantly susceptible to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction during hypobaric hypoxia, and therefore undergoes neurodegeneration due to energy crisis. Evidences illustrate a high degree of association for mitochondrial fusion/fission imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial fusion/fission is a recently reported dynamic mechanism which frequently occurs among cellular mitochondrial network. Hence, the study investigated the temporal alteration and involvement of abnormal mitochondrial dynamics (fusion/fission) along with disturbed mitochondrial functionality during chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH). The Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to simulated high altitude equivalent to 25000 ft for 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Mitochondrial morphology, distribution within neurons, enzyme activity of respiratory complexes, Δψm, ADP: ATP, and expression of fission/fusion key proteins were determined. Results demonstrated HH induced alteration in mitochondrial morphology by damaged, small mitochondria observed in neurons with disturbance of mitochondrial functionality and reduced mitochondrial density in neuronal processes manifested by excessive mitochondrial fragmentation (fission) and decreased mitochondrial fusion as compared to unexposed rat brain hippocampus. The study suggested that imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics is one of the noteworthy mechanisms occurring in hippocampal neurons during HH insult. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-09ac0e25d0744263a594b64284dfcb1a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-1852 2090-1860 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurology Research International |
| spelling | doaj-art-09ac0e25d0744263a594b64284dfcb1a2025-02-03T01:11:48ZengWileyNeurology Research International2090-18522090-18602015-01-01201510.1155/2015/742059742059Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain HippocampusKhushbu Jain0Dipti Prasad1Shashi Bala Singh2Ekta Kohli3Neurobiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, IndiaNeurobiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, IndiaNeurobiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, IndiaNeurobiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, IndiaBrain is predominantly susceptible to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction during hypobaric hypoxia, and therefore undergoes neurodegeneration due to energy crisis. Evidences illustrate a high degree of association for mitochondrial fusion/fission imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial fusion/fission is a recently reported dynamic mechanism which frequently occurs among cellular mitochondrial network. Hence, the study investigated the temporal alteration and involvement of abnormal mitochondrial dynamics (fusion/fission) along with disturbed mitochondrial functionality during chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH). The Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to simulated high altitude equivalent to 25000 ft for 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Mitochondrial morphology, distribution within neurons, enzyme activity of respiratory complexes, Δψm, ADP: ATP, and expression of fission/fusion key proteins were determined. Results demonstrated HH induced alteration in mitochondrial morphology by damaged, small mitochondria observed in neurons with disturbance of mitochondrial functionality and reduced mitochondrial density in neuronal processes manifested by excessive mitochondrial fragmentation (fission) and decreased mitochondrial fusion as compared to unexposed rat brain hippocampus. The study suggested that imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics is one of the noteworthy mechanisms occurring in hippocampal neurons during HH insult.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/742059 |
| spellingShingle | Khushbu Jain Dipti Prasad Shashi Bala Singh Ekta Kohli Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus Neurology Research International |
| title | Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus |
| title_full | Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus |
| title_fullStr | Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus |
| title_short | Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus |
| title_sort | hypobaric hypoxia imbalances mitochondrial dynamics in rat brain hippocampus |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/742059 |
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