A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation
Anomalous exothermic phenomenon (AEP) under bubble irradiation in solids has captured widespread interest in the energy field. AEP was discovered during the transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation of deuterium-implanted aluminum. Under the irradiation of TEM electron beam, deuterium (D) b...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001000 |
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| author | Qicong Chen Yupeng Yin Wentuo Han Xiaoou Yi Pingping Liu Qian Zhan Somei Ohnuki Farong Wan |
| author_facet | Qicong Chen Yupeng Yin Wentuo Han Xiaoou Yi Pingping Liu Qian Zhan Somei Ohnuki Farong Wan |
| author_sort | Qicong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anomalous exothermic phenomenon (AEP) under bubble irradiation in solids has captured widespread interest in the energy field. AEP was discovered during the transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation of deuterium-implanted aluminum. Under the irradiation of TEM electron beam, deuterium (D) bubbles led to AEP, causing the surrounding single-crystal aluminum to instantaneously transform into polycrystalline. The released heat was estimated as about 160 MeV. AEP has been discovered in different gas bubbles such as hydrogen, helium, argon, and neon. The influencing factors of AEP can be summarized as the bubble morphology and pressure, gas type and density, electron beam energy, and irradiation time. The factor interrelationships and the AEP threshold are discussed. In conjunction with experimental phenomena and simulation, the mechanism of AEP is speculated to be the plasma formation within the gas bubble. The generation of this substantial energy only requires the irradiation of bubbles with a beam of energetic particle. Such convenient, efficient, and controllable energy source is attractive. AEP may provide a potent new energy form. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0995a9f71fdf423aa6e19037e12f0563 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-0995a9f71fdf423aa6e19037e12f05632025-01-20T04:17:30ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-03-013512831295A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiationQicong Chen0Yupeng Yin1Wentuo Han2Xiaoou Yi3Pingping Liu4Qian Zhan5Somei Ohnuki6Farong Wan7School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Safety Technology and Equipment, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Corresponding author. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, JapanSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Corresponding author. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.Anomalous exothermic phenomenon (AEP) under bubble irradiation in solids has captured widespread interest in the energy field. AEP was discovered during the transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation of deuterium-implanted aluminum. Under the irradiation of TEM electron beam, deuterium (D) bubbles led to AEP, causing the surrounding single-crystal aluminum to instantaneously transform into polycrystalline. The released heat was estimated as about 160 MeV. AEP has been discovered in different gas bubbles such as hydrogen, helium, argon, and neon. The influencing factors of AEP can be summarized as the bubble morphology and pressure, gas type and density, electron beam energy, and irradiation time. The factor interrelationships and the AEP threshold are discussed. In conjunction with experimental phenomena and simulation, the mechanism of AEP is speculated to be the plasma formation within the gas bubble. The generation of this substantial energy only requires the irradiation of bubbles with a beam of energetic particle. Such convenient, efficient, and controllable energy source is attractive. AEP may provide a potent new energy form.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001000BubbleElectron irradiationAnomalous exothermic behaviorPolycrystalline transformationPlasmaization |
| spellingShingle | Qicong Chen Yupeng Yin Wentuo Han Xiaoou Yi Pingping Liu Qian Zhan Somei Ohnuki Farong Wan A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation Journal of Materials Research and Technology Bubble Electron irradiation Anomalous exothermic behavior Polycrystalline transformation Plasmaization |
| title | A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation |
| title_full | A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation |
| title_fullStr | A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation |
| title_short | A review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation |
| title_sort | review on the anomalous exothermic behavior of bubbles in aluminum induced by electron irradiation |
| topic | Bubble Electron irradiation Anomalous exothermic behavior Polycrystalline transformation Plasmaization |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001000 |
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