The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins
Rhodopsins are photoreceptive proteins with seven-transmembrane alpha-helices and a covalently bound retinal. Based on their protein sequences, rhodopsins can be classified into microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins. Because there is no clearly detectable sequence identity between these two g...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2013-01-01
|
| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/435651 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832557003289919488 |
|---|---|
| author | Libing Shen Chao Chen Hongxiang Zheng Li Jin |
| author_facet | Libing Shen Chao Chen Hongxiang Zheng Li Jin |
| author_sort | Libing Shen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rhodopsins are photoreceptive proteins with seven-transmembrane alpha-helices and a covalently bound retinal. Based on their protein sequences, rhodopsins can be classified into microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins. Because there is no clearly detectable sequence identity between these two groups, their evolutionary relationship was difficult to decide. Through ancestral state inference, we found that microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins are divergently related in their seven-transmembrane domains. Our result proposes that they are homologous proteins and metazoan rhodopsins originated from microbial rhodopsins. Structure alignment shows that microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins share a remarkable structural homology while the position of retinal-binding lysine is different between them. It suggests that the function of photoreception was once lost during the evolution of rhodopsin genes. This result explains why there is no clearly detectable sequence similarity between the two rhodopsin groups: after losing the photoreception function, rhodopsin gene was freed from the functional constraint and the process of divergence could quickly change its original sequence beyond recognition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-096857ee74c64f8bab6929730690436e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-096857ee74c64f8bab6929730690436e2025-02-03T05:43:51ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal1537-744X2013-01-01201310.1155/2013/435651435651The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan RhodopsinsLibing Shen0Chao Chen1Hongxiang Zheng2Li Jin3State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaRhodopsins are photoreceptive proteins with seven-transmembrane alpha-helices and a covalently bound retinal. Based on their protein sequences, rhodopsins can be classified into microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins. Because there is no clearly detectable sequence identity between these two groups, their evolutionary relationship was difficult to decide. Through ancestral state inference, we found that microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins are divergently related in their seven-transmembrane domains. Our result proposes that they are homologous proteins and metazoan rhodopsins originated from microbial rhodopsins. Structure alignment shows that microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins share a remarkable structural homology while the position of retinal-binding lysine is different between them. It suggests that the function of photoreception was once lost during the evolution of rhodopsin genes. This result explains why there is no clearly detectable sequence similarity between the two rhodopsin groups: after losing the photoreception function, rhodopsin gene was freed from the functional constraint and the process of divergence could quickly change its original sequence beyond recognition.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/435651 |
| spellingShingle | Libing Shen Chao Chen Hongxiang Zheng Li Jin The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins The Scientific World Journal |
| title | The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins |
| title_full | The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins |
| title_fullStr | The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins |
| title_short | The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins |
| title_sort | evolutionary relationship between microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/435651 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT libingshen theevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins AT chaochen theevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins AT hongxiangzheng theevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins AT lijin theevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins AT libingshen evolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins AT chaochen evolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins AT hongxiangzheng evolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins AT lijin evolutionaryrelationshipbetweenmicrobialrhodopsinsandmetazoanrhodopsins |