The association of individual cognition and social environment of smoking with autonomy over tobacco: A survey from rural China
Introduction This study explores the association of individual cognition and social environment of smoking with autonomy over tobacco, providing evidence and insights to help smokers effectively prevent and reduce tobacco dependence. Methods Data were collected from 1389 participants, aged ≥15 year...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/The-association-of-individual-cognition-and-social-nenvironment-of-smoking-with-autonomy,175974,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction
This study explores the association of individual cognition and social
environment of smoking with autonomy over tobacco, providing evidence and
insights to help smokers effectively prevent and reduce tobacco dependence.
Methods
Data were collected from 1389 participants, aged ≥15 years, by face-toface
interviews from June 2018 to November 2019 in central China. We assessed
autonomy over tobacco using the Autonomy Over Smoking Scale (AUTOS),
including Withdrawal Symptoms (WS), Psychological Dependence (PD) and Cueinduced
Cravings (CC), and examined factors of individual cognition and social
environment, as well as covariates, including demographic characteristics, health
status, and smoking behavior.
Results
AUTOS total score was 16.92 ± 9.05, WS score was the lowest (4.40 ±
3.36) in the three subscales, and CC score was the highest (6.88 ± 3.2). After
adjustment, WS score of having a greater awareness of smoking hazards to one's
own health was lower than those who had no awareness (β=0.14; 95% CI: -0.31–
0.00), and the total score of AUTOS, the score of PD and CC for those who
thought smoking was ‘more helpful (high)’ to interpersonal communication were
higher than ‘not helpful (not at all)’ (β=0.14; 95% CI: 0.01–0.28 with β=0.16;
95% CI: 0.02–0.29; and β=0.14; 95% CI: 0.00–0.28; respectively). Having a
greater difficulty in smoking cessation was associated with higher AUTOS total
and subscale scores (p<0.001). Notably, none of the social-environmental factors
included had a significant association with AUTOS scores.
Conclusions
Interventions targeting individual cognitive factors of tobacco
dependence seem to be more effective in smoking cessation. Future research
may explore the influence of family and workplace among social environmental
factors, which may reveal the effect of a binding force. |
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| ISSN: | 1617-9625 |