Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular Application
A wide-spatial coverage, low-profile, pattern reconfigurable, millimeter-wave antenna array designed for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication systems, crucial for fifth-generation wireless networks. The array features a hybrid structure and beam-scanning capabilities, ensuring extensive spatial...
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| Format: | Article |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10833650/ |
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| author | Saiful Islam Hanvit Kim Tuyen Dinh Nguyen Sunwoo Kim Hyoungsuk Yoo |
| author_facet | Saiful Islam Hanvit Kim Tuyen Dinh Nguyen Sunwoo Kim Hyoungsuk Yoo |
| author_sort | Saiful Islam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A wide-spatial coverage, low-profile, pattern reconfigurable, millimeter-wave antenna array designed for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication systems, crucial for fifth-generation wireless networks. The array features a hybrid structure and beam-scanning capabilities, ensuring extensive spatial coverage in the n257 band. Utilizing PIN diode-controlled strips, the antenna enables vertical beam tilting up to ±40° on a car with less than 1 dB gain variation. Furthermore, the subarray achieves beam scanning at angles of ±32° while maintaining a gain exceeding 8 dBi. The overall circular antenna array, incorporating director and reflector elements alongside the antenna on an additive substrate, measures <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$74.2 \, \text {mm} \times 74.2 \, \text {mm} \times 2.2 \, \text {mm}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, highlighting its compact design. During simulation, the array demonstrates isolation levels surpassing 20 dB and exhibits a broad <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$-10 \, \text {dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> impedance bandwidth spanning <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6570 \, \text {MHz}~(24.36$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$30.93 \, \text {GHz}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The antenna array can operate in three distinct modes—(a) endfire −z, (b) endfire, and (c) endfire +z—depending on the ON/OFF state of the diodes. In each mode, the radiation performances is verified with and without the car model. To validate the simulated results, an antenna array is fabricated, and measurements encompassing beam scanning, S-parameters, and communication are conducted. The obtained results from the physical implementation align with the simulation, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed V2X antenna array for 5G wireless communication systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0956d9d3913c466a91364032b796eda2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-0956d9d3913c466a91364032b796eda22025-01-21T00:02:18ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-01138740875210.1109/ACCESS.2025.352680410833650Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular ApplicationSaiful Islam0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-7546Hanvit Kim1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-3316Tuyen Dinh Nguyen2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-4468Sunwoo Kim3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7055-6587Hyoungsuk Yoo4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5567-2566Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaFaculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaA wide-spatial coverage, low-profile, pattern reconfigurable, millimeter-wave antenna array designed for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication systems, crucial for fifth-generation wireless networks. The array features a hybrid structure and beam-scanning capabilities, ensuring extensive spatial coverage in the n257 band. Utilizing PIN diode-controlled strips, the antenna enables vertical beam tilting up to ±40° on a car with less than 1 dB gain variation. Furthermore, the subarray achieves beam scanning at angles of ±32° while maintaining a gain exceeding 8 dBi. The overall circular antenna array, incorporating director and reflector elements alongside the antenna on an additive substrate, measures <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$74.2 \, \text {mm} \times 74.2 \, \text {mm} \times 2.2 \, \text {mm}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, highlighting its compact design. During simulation, the array demonstrates isolation levels surpassing 20 dB and exhibits a broad <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$-10 \, \text {dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> impedance bandwidth spanning <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6570 \, \text {MHz}~(24.36$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$30.93 \, \text {GHz}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The antenna array can operate in three distinct modes—(a) endfire −z, (b) endfire, and (c) endfire +z—depending on the ON/OFF state of the diodes. In each mode, the radiation performances is verified with and without the car model. To validate the simulated results, an antenna array is fabricated, and measurements encompassing beam scanning, S-parameters, and communication are conducted. The obtained results from the physical implementation align with the simulation, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed V2X antenna array for 5G wireless communication systems.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10833650/5G antennaantenna arraybeamformingmm -Wave antennapattern reconfigurableV2X |
| spellingShingle | Saiful Islam Hanvit Kim Tuyen Dinh Nguyen Sunwoo Kim Hyoungsuk Yoo Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular Application IEEE Access 5G antenna antenna array beamforming mm -Wave antenna pattern reconfigurable V2X |
| title | Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular Application |
| title_full | Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular Application |
| title_fullStr | Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular Application |
| title_short | Reconfigurable mmWave Planar Phased Array Featuring Wide Elevation and Full Azimuth Spatial Coverage for 5G Vehicular Application |
| title_sort | reconfigurable mmwave planar phased array featuring wide elevation and full azimuth spatial coverage for 5g vehicular application |
| topic | 5G antenna antenna array beamforming mm -Wave antenna pattern reconfigurable V2X |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10833650/ |
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