Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral Administration
This study aimed to investigate the PPK of EF in largemouth bass after oral and intravenous administration based on a nonlinear mixed effect model. Samples were collected using the sparse sampling method at pre-designed time points determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluoresc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/10/1362 |
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| author | Ning Xu Shun Zhou Jing Dong Jiangtao Li Yongzhen Ding Xiaohui Ai |
| author_facet | Ning Xu Shun Zhou Jing Dong Jiangtao Li Yongzhen Ding Xiaohui Ai |
| author_sort | Ning Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to investigate the PPK of EF in largemouth bass after oral and intravenous administration based on a nonlinear mixed effect model. Samples were collected using the sparse sampling method at pre-designed time points determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescent detector. The initial PK parameters were estimated by reference search and the calculation of a naïve pooled approach. The covariate model included a variation in body weight. The oral dose data were best fitted by a one-compartment model. The injection dose data were best fitted by a two-compartment model. The results demonstrated that body weight had no marked effect on the parameters of PPK. Finally, the bioavailability was calculated to be 12.24%. The area under the concentration–time curve/minimum inhibitory concentration was estimated to be ≥408.16, indicating that EF at 20 mg/kg has high effectiveness for aquatic pathogens. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0949b59e101c4f4e9490b05ab6638ced |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-0949b59e101c4f4e9490b05ab6638ced2025-08-20T03:47:48ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-05-011510136210.3390/ani15101362Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral AdministrationNing Xu0Shun Zhou1Jing Dong2Jiangtao Li3Yongzhen Ding4Xiaohui Ai5Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaYangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaYangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaYangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaAgro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, ChinaYangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaThis study aimed to investigate the PPK of EF in largemouth bass after oral and intravenous administration based on a nonlinear mixed effect model. Samples were collected using the sparse sampling method at pre-designed time points determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescent detector. The initial PK parameters were estimated by reference search and the calculation of a naïve pooled approach. The covariate model included a variation in body weight. The oral dose data were best fitted by a one-compartment model. The injection dose data were best fitted by a two-compartment model. The results demonstrated that body weight had no marked effect on the parameters of PPK. Finally, the bioavailability was calculated to be 12.24%. The area under the concentration–time curve/minimum inhibitory concentration was estimated to be ≥408.16, indicating that EF at 20 mg/kg has high effectiveness for aquatic pathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/10/1362enrofloxacinpopulation pharmacokineticsstatistical approacheslargemouth bassbody weight |
| spellingShingle | Ning Xu Shun Zhou Jing Dong Jiangtao Li Yongzhen Ding Xiaohui Ai Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral Administration Animals enrofloxacin population pharmacokinetics statistical approaches largemouth bass body weight |
| title | Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral Administration |
| title_full | Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral Administration |
| title_fullStr | Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral Administration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral Administration |
| title_short | Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Based on a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model After Intravenous and Oral Administration |
| title_sort | population pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in i micropterus salmoides i based on a nonlinear mixed effect model after intravenous and oral administration |
| topic | enrofloxacin population pharmacokinetics statistical approaches largemouth bass body weight |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/10/1362 |
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