Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAG
Sharding technology can address the throughput and scalability limitations that arise when single-chain blockchain are applied in the Internet of Things (IoT). However, existing sharding solutions focus on addressing issues like malicious nodes clustering and cross-shard transactions. Existing shard...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667345224000014 |
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| _version_ | 1832585044199211008 |
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| author | Wenhu Zheng Xu Wang Zhenxi Xie Yixin Li Xiaoyun Ye Jinlong Wang Xiaoyun Xiong |
| author_facet | Wenhu Zheng Xu Wang Zhenxi Xie Yixin Li Xiaoyun Ye Jinlong Wang Xiaoyun Xiong |
| author_sort | Wenhu Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sharding technology can address the throughput and scalability limitations that arise when single-chain blockchain are applied in the Internet of Things (IoT). However, existing sharding solutions focus on addressing issues like malicious nodes clustering and cross-shard transactions. Existing sharding solutions cannot adapt to the performance disparities of edge nodes and the characteristic of three-dimensional data queries in building IoT. This leads to problems such as shard overheating and inefficient data query efficiency. This paper proposes a dual-layer architecture called S-DAG, which combines sharded blockchain and DAG blockchain. The sharded blockchain processes transactions within the building IoT, while the DAG blockchain stores block headers from the sharded network. By designing an Adaptive Balancing Load Algorithm (ABLA) for periodic network sharding, nodes are divided based on their load performance values to prevent the aggregation of low-load performance nodes and the resulting issue of shard overheating. By combining the characteristics of the KD tree and Merkle tree, a block structure known as 3D-Merkle tree is designed to support three-dimensional data queries, enhancing the efficiency of three-dimensional data queries in building IoT. By deploying and conducting simulation experiments on various physical devices, we have verified the effectiveness of the solution proposed in this paper. The results indicate that, compared to other solutions, the proposed solution is better suited for building IoT data management. ABLA is effective in preventing shard overheating issue, and the 3D-Merkle tree significantly enhances data query efficiency. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-086f34f596d54e50ad17742dbfcef8e0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2667-3452 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-086f34f596d54e50ad17742dbfcef8e02025-01-27T04:22:35ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems2667-34522024-01-014217234Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAGWenhu Zheng0Xu Wang1Zhenxi Xie2Yixin Li3Xiaoyun Ye4Jinlong Wang5Xiaoyun Xiong6Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaQingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaQingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaQingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaQingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaCorresponding author.; Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaQingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSharding technology can address the throughput and scalability limitations that arise when single-chain blockchain are applied in the Internet of Things (IoT). However, existing sharding solutions focus on addressing issues like malicious nodes clustering and cross-shard transactions. Existing sharding solutions cannot adapt to the performance disparities of edge nodes and the characteristic of three-dimensional data queries in building IoT. This leads to problems such as shard overheating and inefficient data query efficiency. This paper proposes a dual-layer architecture called S-DAG, which combines sharded blockchain and DAG blockchain. The sharded blockchain processes transactions within the building IoT, while the DAG blockchain stores block headers from the sharded network. By designing an Adaptive Balancing Load Algorithm (ABLA) for periodic network sharding, nodes are divided based on their load performance values to prevent the aggregation of low-load performance nodes and the resulting issue of shard overheating. By combining the characteristics of the KD tree and Merkle tree, a block structure known as 3D-Merkle tree is designed to support three-dimensional data queries, enhancing the efficiency of three-dimensional data queries in building IoT. By deploying and conducting simulation experiments on various physical devices, we have verified the effectiveness of the solution proposed in this paper. The results indicate that, compared to other solutions, the proposed solution is better suited for building IoT data management. ABLA is effective in preventing shard overheating issue, and the 3D-Merkle tree significantly enhances data query efficiency.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667345224000014BlockchainSharding technologyBuilding internet of thingsData queriesDirected acyclic graph |
| spellingShingle | Wenhu Zheng Xu Wang Zhenxi Xie Yixin Li Xiaoyun Ye Jinlong Wang Xiaoyun Xiong Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAG Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems Blockchain Sharding technology Building internet of things Data queries Directed acyclic graph |
| title | Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAG |
| title_full | Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAG |
| title_fullStr | Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAG |
| title_full_unstemmed | Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAG |
| title_short | Data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and DAG |
| title_sort | data management method for building internet of things based on blockchain sharding and dag |
| topic | Blockchain Sharding technology Building internet of things Data queries Directed acyclic graph |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667345224000014 |
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