Effect of Planting Systems on the Physicochemical Properties and Bioactivities of Strawberry Polysaccharides
Suitable planting systems are critical for the physicochemical and bioactivities of strawberry (<i>Fragaria × ananassa</i> Duch.) polysaccharides (SPs). In this study, SPs were prepared through hot water extraction, and the differences in physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/238 |
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| Summary: | Suitable planting systems are critical for the physicochemical and bioactivities of strawberry (<i>Fragaria × ananassa</i> Duch.) polysaccharides (SPs). In this study, SPs were prepared through hot water extraction, and the differences in physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities between SPs derived from elevated matrix soilless planting strawberries (EP-SP) and those from and conventional soil planting strawberries (GP-SP) were investigated. A higher extraction yield was observed for EP-SP (5.88%) than for GP-SP (4.67%), and slightly higher values were measured for the average molecular weight (632.10 kDa vs. 611.88 kDa) and total sugar content (39.38% vs. 34.92%) in EP-SP. In contrast, a higher protein content (2.12% vs. 1.65%) and a more ordered molecular arrangement were exhibited by GP-SP. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that EP-SP contained higher levels of rhamnose (12.33%) and glucose (49.29%), whereas GP-SP was richer in galactose (11.06%) and galacturonic acid (19.12%). Thermal analysis indicated only minor differences in decomposition temperatures (approximately 225–226 °C) and thermal stability between the samples. However, GP-SP showed a higher enthalpy change (Δ<i>Hg</i> = 18.74 J/g) compared to EP-SP (13.93 J/g). Biological activity assays revealed that GP-SP generally exerted stronger non-enzymatic glycation inhibition at both early and final stages (IC<sub>50</sub>: 7.47 mg/mL vs. 7.82 mg/mL and 11.18 mg/mL vs. 11.87 mg/mL, respectively), whereas EP-SP was more effective against intermediate α-dicarbonyl compounds (maximum inhibition of 75.32%). Additionally, GP-SP exerted superior α-glucosidase inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> = 2.4583 mg/mL), in line with kinetic and fluorescence quenching analyses showing a higher enzyme–substrate complex binding affinity (<i>Kis</i> = 1.6682 mg/mL; <i>Ka</i> = 5.1352 × 10<sup>5</sup> M<sup>−1</sup>). Rheological measurements demonstrated that EP-SP solutions exhibited a pronounced increase in apparent viscosity at higher concentrations (reaching 3477.30 mPa·s at 0.1 s<sup>−1</sup> and 70 mg/mL) and a stronger shear-thinning behavior, while GP-SP showed a comparatively lower viscosity and lower network order. These findings suggest that different planting systems significantly affect both the molecular structures and functionalities of SPs, with GP-SP demonstrating enhanced hypoglycemic and anti-glycation properties. It is therefore recommended that suitable planting systems be selected to optimize the functionality of plant-derived polysaccharides for potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. |
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| ISSN: | 2304-8158 |